Criminal Investigation Procedures Flashcards

What is the primary purpose of securing a crime scene?

Answer: To prevent evidence from being contaminated or tampered with

Securing a crime scene is paramount to preserving the integrity of any potential evidence. By establishing a perimeter and controlling access, investigators ensure that crucial physical evidence remains undisturbed, uncontaminated, and untampered with. This preservation is vital for accurate analysis and successful prosecution, as it maintains the evidentiary value.

During an investigation, why is it important to establish a chain of custody for evidence?

Answer: To maintain the integrity and credibility of the evidence in court

The chain of custody is a meticulous record that documents every person who has handled a piece of evidence, from its collection at the crime scene to its presentation in court. This unbroken documentation proves that the evidence has not been altered, substituted, or tampered with, thereby ensuring its integrity and admissibility in legal proceedings. It is crucial for maintaining credibility.

Which of the following steps is NOT typically part of the initial crime scene investigation?

Answer: Conducting a detailed forensic analysis

The initial crime scene investigation focuses on immediate actions like securing the scene, photographing, sketching, identifying and collecting visible evidence, and interviewing preliminary witnesses. Detailed forensic analysis, such as laboratory testing of DNA or fingerprints, is a subsequent step performed by specialists off-site, after the initial collection and documentation phases are complete. It is not part of the immediate on-scene process.

When interviewing a witness, what is a key technique to ensure accurate and reliable information?

Answer: Allowing the witness to speak freely without interruption

Allowing a witness to speak freely without interruption is crucial for obtaining accurate and reliable information. This technique, often called an 'open-ended' approach, enables the witness to recall events in their own words and sequence, minimizing the risk of leading questions or inadvertently influencing their memory. It helps gather a comprehensive narrative before specific details are probed.

What is the purpose of a follow-up investigation in a criminal case?

Answer: To gather additional evidence and verify facts obtained during the initial investigation

The purpose of a follow-up investigation is to build upon the initial findings of a criminal case. It involves gathering additional evidence, corroborating facts, interviewing more witnesses, and pursuing leads that emerged during the initial response. This thorough process ensures a comprehensive understanding of the crime and strengthens the case for prosecution.