Logical Reasoning & Problem Solving Flashcards

If all Blorks are Flinks, and some Flinks are Grumps, which conclusion MUST be true?

Answer: Some Blorks may be Grumps

Since only 'some' Flinks are Grumps, we cannot guarantee any Blork is a Grump, but it remains possible.

A sequence follows the rule: each term is the sum of the two preceding terms. The sequence begins 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, __. What is the next term?

Answer: 8

5 + 3 = 8, following the Fibonacci-style rule.

Three friends — Ava, Ben, and Cal — each prefer a different color: red, blue, or green. Ava does not like red. Ben likes blue. Which color does Cal like?

Answer: Red

Ben has blue; Ava cannot have red, so Ava has green, leaving red for Cal.

A store marks up an item by 40% and then discounts it by 20%. What is the net percentage change from the original price?

Answer: 12% increase

1.40 × 0.80 = 1.12, which is a 12% net increase over the original price.

Which figure completes the analogy? Circle : Sphere :: Square : __

Answer: Cube

A sphere is the 3-D counterpart of a circle, so a cube is the 3-D counterpart of a square.

If P → Q and Q → R, which of the following must be true?

Answer: P → R

By the transitive property of conditional statements, P → Q and Q → R together imply P → R.

A jar contains 4 red, 3 blue, and 5 green marbles. One marble is drawn at random. What is the probability it is NOT green?

Answer: 7/12

There are 7 non-green marbles out of 12 total, giving a probability of 7/12.