GMAT - Graduate Management Admission Data Insights: Multi-Source Reasoning Questions and Answers

Question 1

An analyst is evaluating the performance of the 'Helios' marketing campaign. Based on the provided information across the three tabs, which statement is most accurate?

**Tab 1: Email from Marketing Director**

To: Analytics Team
From: Jane Doe, Marketing Director
Subject: Post-Campaign Analysis: Helios

Team,

Please compile a performance report for the Helios campaign, which ran from April 1st to June 30th. Our primary goal was to increase the number of qualified leads from the North region by at least 20% compared to the previous quarter (Jan 1st - Mar 31st). A secondary goal was to keep the cost per lead (CPL) below $150. Let me know if we hit our targets.

**Tab 2: Regional Lead Generation Data**

| Region | Qualified Leads (Jan-Mar) | Qualified Leads (Apr-Jun) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| North | 450 | 550 |
| South | 300 | 320 |
| East | 610 | 650 |
| West | 280 | 290 |

**Tab 3: Helios Campaign Expense Report**

| Expense Category | Cost |
| :--- | :--- |
| Digital Advertising | $45,000 |
| Content Creation | $15,000 |
| Webinar Hosting | $8,000 |
| **Total Spend** | **$68,000** |

Accepted Answer

The campaign met the primary goal for lead growth but failed to meet the secondary goal for cost per lead.

Answer

The campaign failed to meet both the primary goal for lead growth and the secondary goal for cost per lead.

Answer

The campaign successfully met the primary goal for lead growth and the secondary goal for cost per lead.

Answer

The campaign failed to meet the primary goal for lead growth but successfully met the secondary goal for cost per lead.

Question 2

A medical researcher is investigating the efficacy of a new drug, 'Cardiawell,' for lowering LDL cholesterol. Considering the information from all three tabs, which of the following statements presents a valid critique of the researcher's conclusion?

**Tab 1: Research Abstract**

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Cardiawell in reducing LDL cholesterol. A treatment group received Cardiawell, while a control group received a placebo. Our primary conclusion is that Cardiawell is highly effective, as the treatment group showed a statistically significant average reduction in LDL cholesterol compared to the control group over the 12-week study period.

**Tab 2: Patient Group Demographics**

| Characteristic | Treatment Group (Cardiawell) | Control Group (Placebo) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Number of Participants | 50 | 50 |
| Average Age (years) | 55 | 56 |
| % Male | 60% | 58% |
| % Reporting Regular Exercise | 78% | 32% |

**Tab 3: Study Results**

| Group | Average LDL at Week 0 (mg/dL) | Average LDL at Week 12 (mg/dL) | Average Change (mg/dL) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Treatment Group | 160 | 130 | -30 |
| Control Group | 162 | 158 | -4 |

Accepted Answer

The study's conclusion is potentially flawed because a confounding variable, exercise, was not evenly distributed between the groups.

Answer

The control group's average age was slightly higher, which invalidates the comparison.

Answer

The initial LDL levels were not identical, making the final comparison of the average change meaningless.

Answer

The sample size of 50 participants per group is too small to draw any statistically significant conclusions.

Question 3

A city is planning a new public transportation initiative. Based on the information provided, which of the following actions would be most likely to address the primary concern of residents in the 'Suburban' zone while also aligning with the city's budget allocation?

**Tab 1: City Planning Memo**

The city council has approved a one-time fund of $5 million for the 'Connect 2026' transportation initiative. The primary goal is to increase public transit ridership by improving the system's core weaknesses. All projects must be selected from the pre-approved list.

**Tab 2: Resident Satisfaction Survey (by Zone)**

| Primary Complaint | Urban Zone | Suburban Zone | Downtown Zone |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Infrequent Service** | 25% | **65%** | 15% |
| Overcrowding | 55% | 10% | 45% |
| Lack of Cleanliness | 10% | 15% | 30% |
| High Fare Cost | 10% | 10% | 10% |

**Tab 3: Approved Project Costs**

| Project ID | Description | Estimated Cost |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| A1 | Add 20 new buses to reduce overcrowding on key routes | $6,000,000 |
| B2 | Increase bus service frequency on all suburban routes | $4,500,000 |
| C3 | Modernize payment systems to include contactless options | $1,500,000 |
| D4 | Launch a public awareness campaign about transit benefits | $500,000 |

Accepted Answer

Project B2, because it directly targets the main issue for suburban residents and is within the allocated budget.

Answer

Project A1, because it is the most comprehensive upgrade to the system.

Answer

A combination of projects C3 and D4, as they improve user experience within the budget.

Answer

Project D4, as it is the least expensive option and increases awareness.

Question 4

A manager is reviewing departmental efficiency. By synthesizing the information from all tabs, what is the revenue generated per employee in the Sales department?

**Tab 1: Email from CFO**

Subject: Q4 Performance

Team,

Overall company revenue for Q4 was $2,500,000. Please note that the Engineering department's revenue is generated from long-term contracts and is fixed at $500,000 per quarter. The remainder of the company revenue is split between the Sales and Marketing departments.

Thanks,
John

**Tab 2: Departmental Headcount**

| Department | Number of Employees |
| :--- | :--- |
| Sales | 25 |
| Marketing | 15 |
| Engineering | 40 |
| Operations | 20 |

**Tab 3: Revenue Contribution Chart**

[A pie chart is displayed with the title 'Q4 Revenue Contribution (Excluding Engineering)'. It shows two slices: 'Sales' at 80% and 'Marketing' at 20%.]

Accepted Answer

$80,000

Answer

$100,000

Answer

$64,000

Answer

$20,000

Question 5

A consulting firm analyzed client satisfaction and project profitability. Based on all available data, which conclusion is best supported?

**Tab 1: Project Lead's Assessment**

The Alpha Project was a resounding success. We delivered the project ahead of schedule, and the client has expressed extreme satisfaction with our work. This project should be considered a model for future engagements due to its high level of client satisfaction.

**Tab 2: Client Satisfaction Survey Results**

| Project | Client Satisfaction (Score 1-10) |
| :--- | :--- |
| Alpha | 9.8 |
| Beta | 7.5 |
| Gamma | 8.1 |
| Delta | 9.5 |

**Tab 3: Project Financials**

| Project | Budgeted Hours | Actual Hours | Revenue | Profit Margin |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Alpha | 1,000 | 1,450 | $200,000 | -15% |
| Beta | 1,200 | 1,150 | $240,000 | 18% |
| Gamma | 800 | 820 | $160,000 | 11% |
| Delta | 1,500 | 1,480 | $300,000 | 22% |

Accepted Answer

The Alpha Project's high client satisfaction came at the cost of project profitability.

Answer

The Project Lead's assessment of the Alpha Project as a model for success is fully supported by the data.

Answer

The Delta Project was the most efficient project in terms of hours worked versus hours budgeted.

Answer

There is a direct, positive correlation between client satisfaction scores and profit margins across all listed projects.

Question 6

An investor is comparing two companies, 'Innovate Inc.' and 'Momentum Corp.' Based on the provided financial data and market analysis, which statement accurately reflects the companies' relative positions?

**Tab 1: Financial Statements (Year-End)**

**Tab 2: Stock Performance**

[A line graph shows the stock price for both companies over the last 12 months. Innovate Inc.'s stock price shows high volatility but ends the year with 50% growth. Momentum Corp.'s stock price shows low volatility and steady growth, ending the year with 15% growth.]

**Tab 3: Analyst Report**

*Innovate Inc.:* A high-risk, high-reward company heavily investing in next-generation technology. Its future success is contingent on its R&D pipeline, but its current profitability is lean.

*Momentum Corp.:* A mature market leader with a stable business model. While its growth is modest, it has strong, consistent profitability and a low-risk profile.

Accepted Answer

Innovate Inc. is investing a significantly larger portion of its revenue into R&D, which aligns with its higher-risk profile and more volatile stock performance.

Answer

Momentum Corp. has a higher net profit margin and has demonstrated greater stock price growth over the past year.

Answer

Innovate Inc. generated more net income than Momentum Corp. but at the expense of R&D investment.

Answer

Both companies have a net profit margin of exactly 10%.