Human Growth and Development Flashcards
7 cards from real CPCE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Human Growth and Development flashcards as text
Which of the following accurately describes Freud's 'latency stage' of psychosexual development?
Answer: Sexual impulses are largely dormant and children focus on social and intellectual skills
During the latency stage (approximately ages 6–12), libidinal energy is repressed and channeled into socially acceptable activities such as school and peer friendships.
An adolescent who tries on many different identities and roles before committing to one is in which of Marcia's identity statuses?
Answer: Identity moratorium
Identity moratorium involves active exploration of alternatives without yet making a commitment, representing a healthy transition toward identity achievement.
According to Kohlberg, an individual who follows rules to avoid punishment is reasoning at which level?
Answer: Preconventional, Stage 1
Stage 1 (obedience and punishment orientation) is the first stage of preconventional morality, where right action is defined by avoiding punishment.
The principle of 'cephalocaudal development' states that physical growth and motor control proceed from:
Answer: Head downward toward the feet
Cephalocaudal development means that growth occurs in a head-to-tail direction, which is why infants gain head and trunk control before leg control.
Which theorist is best known for describing eight stages of psychosocial development that span the entire lifespan?
Answer: Erik Erikson
Erik Erikson proposed eight psychosocial stages from infancy through late adulthood, each involving a central crisis that shapes personality development.
Research on resilience in children consistently identifies which factor as most protective against adverse childhood experiences?
Answer: At least one stable, supportive relationship with a caring adult
A consistent finding across resilience research is that a reliable, nurturing relationship with at least one adult significantly buffers children from the impact of adversity.
During adolescence, the prefrontal cortex—responsible for decision-making and impulse control—is:
Answer: Still undergoing significant development, often not complete until the mid-20s
The prefrontal cortex matures later than emotional brain regions, which helps explain adolescent risk-taking and emotional reactivity.