CLS Clinical Chemistry 2

Question 1

Which thyroid function test is considered the most sensitive initial screening test for thyroid disorders?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer

Free T4 (FT4)

Answer

Total T3

Answer

Thyroglobulin

Question 2

A patient has elevated AST and ALT with a De Ritis ratio (AST/ALT) greater than 2:1. This pattern is most consistent with which condition?

Accepted Answer

Alcoholic liver disease

Answer

Viral hepatitis

Answer

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Answer

Biliary obstruction

Question 3

Which analyte is measured to assess pancreatic exocrine function and is elevated in acute pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

Lipase and amylase

Answer

Alkaline phosphatase and GGT

Answer

Bilirubin and albumin

Answer

Troponin and CK-MB

Question 4

In a patient with metabolic acidosis, which finding would indicate respiratory compensation?

Accepted Answer

Decreased PCO2 below 40 mmHg

Answer

Increased PCO2 above 40 mmHg

Answer

Increased HCO3- above 26 mEq/L

Answer

Decreased pH below 7.35 with normal PCO2

Question 5

Which protein is measured to assess long-term glycemic control over approximately 2-3 months?

Accepted Answer

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)

Answer

Fructosamine

Answer

C-peptide

Answer

Proinsulin

Question 6

A serum total bilirubin is 8 mg/dL with direct bilirubin of 6.5 mg/dL. This fractionation pattern is most consistent with which type of jaundice?

Accepted Answer

Posthepatic (obstructive) jaundice

Answer

Prehepatic (hemolytic) jaundice

Answer

Intrahepatic jaundice from hepatocellular damage

Answer

Neonatal physiologic jaundice

Question 7

Which electrolyte abnormality is most likely to cause prolonged QT interval and potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias?

Accepted Answer

Hypomagnesemia

Answer

Hypernatremia

Answer

Hyperchloremia

Answer

Hyponatremia