CES Anatomy and Biomechanics Flashcards
6 cards from real CES practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 CES Anatomy and Biomechanics flashcards as text
In biomechanics, what term describes the rotation of a bone around its own long axis?
Answer: Axial rotation
Axial rotation (also called spin) is the movement of a bone rotating around its own longitudinal axis, such as internal or external rotation of the femur.
Which plane of motion divides the body into anterior and posterior halves and is associated with abduction and adduction movements?
Answer: Frontal plane
The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into front and back halves, and movements in this plane include abduction, adduction, and lateral flexion.
What type of muscle action occurs when a muscle produces force while lengthening?
Answer: Eccentric
Eccentric muscle action occurs when a muscle generates tension while being lengthened, such as the quadriceps controlling knee flexion during stair descent.
The term 'osteokinematics' refers to which aspect of joint movement?
Answer: Observable gross motion of a bone in space
Osteokinematics describes the visible, gross movement of a bone in space (flexion, abduction, etc.) as observed from outside the body.
During a squat, which joint action occurs at the hip during the descent phase?
Answer: Hip flexion
During squat descent, the hip undergoes flexion as the torso lowers toward the ground under controlled eccentric loading.
What is the term for the small gliding, rolling, and spinning motions that occur between joint surfaces, which are necessary for full range of motion?
Answer: Arthrokinematics
Arthrokinematics refers to the accessory joint-surface motions (roll, glide, spin) that must occur for normal osteokinematic movement to take place.