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Uveitis Flashcards

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  1. Which presentation is most characteristic of HLA-B27-associated anterior uveitis?

    Answer: Acute unilateral, recurrent, often alternating nongranulomatous iritis with fibrin

    HLA-B27 uveitis classically presents as sudden unilateral, alternating, recurrent anterior uveitis, often with fibrin or hypopyon.

  2. Large greasy 'mutton-fat' keratic precipitates with Busacca nodules most strongly suggest which etiology?

    Answer: Sarcoidosis

    Mutton-fat KPs and iris nodules indicate granulomatous inflammation, classically sarcoidosis.

  3. A 35-year-old has unilateral chronic low-grade iritis, diffuse stellate keratic precipitates, iris heterochromia, and no posterior synechiae. Which virus is most associated with this condition?

    Answer: Rubella virus

    Fuchs uveitis syndrome is strongly linked to intraocular rubella virus, with CMV implicated in some cases.

  4. A patient has recurrent unilateral episodes of markedly elevated IOP (50 mmHg) with mild anterior chamber reaction and few fine keratic precipitates. Aqueous PCR is most likely to show which pathogen?

    Answer: Cytomegalovirus

    Posner-Schlossman (glaucomatocyclitic crisis) is frequently associated with CMV in immunocompetent patients.

  5. Which child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis has the highest risk of developing uveitis?

    Answer: 4-year-old ANA-positive girl with oligoarticular JIA diagnosed 1 year ago

    Young age at onset, oligoarticular disease, ANA positivity, and short disease duration carry the highest risk of asymptomatic chronic anterior uveitis.

  6. A young man of Turkish descent has recurrent oral aphthae, genital ulcers, a shifting hypopyon, and occlusive retinal vasculitis. Which therapy is most appropriate for sight-threatening disease?

    Answer: Anti-TNF therapy such as infliximab or adalimumab

    Behçet posterior segment disease is sight-threatening and anti-TNF agents are effective first-line options for severe involvement.

  7. An adolescent girl has bilateral anterior uveitis and recent fatigue, weight loss, and elevated serum creatinine. Which test best supports the suspected diagnosis?

    Answer: Urinary beta-2 microglobulin

    Elevated urinary beta-2 microglobulin supports tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome.