Glaucoma Diagnosis and Management Flashcards
7 cards from real ABO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Glaucoma Diagnosis and Management flashcards as text
In primary congenital glaucoma, what is the typical orientation of Haab striae, compared with birth-trauma Descemet breaks?
Answer: Horizontal or curvilinear, parallel to the limbus
Haab striae are horizontal or concentric to the limbus, whereas forceps injury usually causes vertical or oblique breaks.
A diabetic patient has rubeosis, an open angle with fine neovascularization, and IOP 38 mmHg. What is the best initial combined approach?
Answer: Intravitreal anti-VEGF plus panretinal photocoagulation, with IOP-lowering therapy
Anti-VEGF quickly regresses the neovascularization while PRP treats the ischemic drive; miotics and SLT are not helpful.
A patient has recurrent unilateral IOP spikes to the 40s, mild discomfort, a few fine keratic precipitates, and an open angle between episodes. Which infectious agent is most often linked to this syndrome?
Answer: Cytomegalovirus
Posner-Schlossman syndrome is strongly associated with CMV anterior uveitis, confirmed by aqueous PCR.
A middle-aged woman has unilateral corneal edema at normal IOP, a 'hammered silver' endothelium, and high peripheral anterior synechiae. Which variant of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome is most likely?
Answer: Chandler syndrome
Chandler syndrome, the most common ICE variant, is dominated by corneal endothelial changes and edema with minimal iris changes.
In Sturge-Weber syndrome glaucoma, which intraoperative complication is most feared during filtering surgery?
Answer: Choroidal effusion or suprachoroidal hemorrhage from a choroidal hemangioma and high episcleral venous pressure
Sudden decompression in eyes with high episcleral venous pressure and a choroidal hemangioma predisposes to massive effusion or hemorrhage.
How long after starting topical dexamethasone does a steroid-induced IOP rise typically begin?
Answer: About 2 to 6 weeks
Steroid response usually appears within weeks as trabecular outflow resistance increases, and is most likely with potent agents like dexamethasone.
An elderly patient with a hypermature cataract has acute IOP elevation, an open angle, and iridescent particles plus white flocculent material in the anterior chamber. What is the definitive treatment?
Answer: Cataract extraction
In phacolytic glaucoma, leaked high-molecular-weight lens protein and engorged macrophages block the meshwork; removing the lens is curative.