Inspection & Quality Control Flashcards

What is the minimum preheat temperature requirement primarily intended to prevent?

Answer: Hydrogen-induced cracking

Preheat is primarily used to slow the cooling rate and allow hydrogen to diffuse out of the weld, preventing hydrogen-induced (cold) cracking.

During visual inspection of a completed weld, a CWI finds a crack. What is the appropriate action?

Answer: Mark and reject the weld for repair

Cracks are rejectable under all major welding codes; the CWI must mark and reject the weld so it can be repaired per an approved repair procedure.

What does the term 'heat-affected zone' (HAZ) refer to?

Answer: Base metal area altered by welding heat but not melted

The HAZ is the portion of the base metal that has not melted but whose microstructure and properties have been altered by the heat of welding.

A CWI using magnetic particle testing on a carbon steel weld would NOT be able to detect:

Answer: Internal porosity 1 inch below the surface

Magnetic particle testing is effective only for surface and near-surface (typically within 1/4 inch) discontinuities and cannot reliably detect defects deep within the material.

What is the purpose of a nick-break test in weld inspection?

Answer: To expose the internal cross-section for visual examination

A nick-break test fractures a weld sample to expose the internal cross-section, allowing visual examination for porosity, slag inclusions, and incomplete fusion.

Which discontinuity is most likely to be found at the weld root in a single-sided groove weld?

Answer: Incomplete joint penetration

Incomplete joint penetration (IJP) commonly occurs at the weld root of single-sided groove welds when the weld metal does not extend through the full thickness of the joint.

What standard AWS publication governs structural welding of steel?

Answer: AWS D1.1

AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code—Steel is the primary standard governing the welding of structural steel in the United States.