Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal Analyzing Conclusions Questions and Answers Flashcards
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Hospital records show that patients admitted on weekends have a 10% higher mortality rate than those admitted on weekdays. Which conclusion is most reasonable?
Answer: Weekend admissions may involve different patient acuity levels or staffing patterns that affect outcomes
The mortality difference could stem from sicker patients presenting on weekends or reduced staffing rather than deliberate care differences.
A tech company found that teams using agile methodology delivered projects 30% faster but had 15% more post-release bugs. What conclusion is best supported?
Answer: Agile methodology produces faster delivery but may involve trade-offs in initial code quality
The data indicates agile achieves speed gains but potentially at the cost of higher initial defect rates, suggesting a trade-off.
Research shows that countries with higher chocolate consumption per capita have more Nobel Prize winners per capita. Which conclusion is most logically sound?
Answer: The correlation likely reflects a confounding variable such as national wealth or education investment
Both chocolate consumption and Nobel Prizes correlate with national wealth and education spending, which is a more plausible common cause.
An environmental report states that City A reduced carbon emissions by 20% over five years after implementing a carbon tax, while City B with no carbon tax saw emissions drop by 8% over the same period. What can you conclude?
Answer: City A's emissions reduction exceeded City B's, though factors beyond the carbon tax may have contributed
While City A outperformed City B, other variables like economic changes or technology adoption could also have contributed to the difference.
A school district reports that after switching to later start times, teen absenteeism dropped by 18% and average GPAs rose by 0.2 points, but extracurricular participation declined by 12%. Which conclusion follows?
Answer: Later start times improved academic indicators but may have created scheduling conflicts for activities
The data shows academic improvements alongside reduced activity participation, indicating both benefits and potential trade-offs.
Market data shows that a new product's sales tripled in regions where celebrity endorsements were used, but customer return rates in those regions were twice the national average. What conclusion is most warranted?
Answer: Celebrity endorsements effectively drive initial purchases but may create expectations that lead to higher dissatisfaction
The endorsements boosted sales but the elevated return rate suggests customers' expectations may not have matched the actual product experience.