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Veterinary Pharmacology Flashcards

7 cards from real VTNE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Veterinary Pharmacology flashcards as text

  1. What is the primary pharmacological effect of dexmedetomidine?

    Answer: Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonism causing sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation

    Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that produces dose-dependent sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation.

  2. Which vaccine adjuvant is most commonly associated with injection-site sarcoma in cats?

    Answer: Aluminum salts (aluminum hydroxide/phosphate)

    Aluminum-based adjuvants in killed vaccines are associated with feline injection-site sarcoma (FISS), prompting recommendations to use non-adjuvanted vaccines in cats when possible.

  3. A dog on long-term corticosteroid therapy suddenly stops receiving the medication. What is the primary risk?

    Answer: Adrenal insufficiency due to HPA axis suppression

    Prolonged exogenous corticosteroid use suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and abrupt withdrawal can cause life-threatening adrenal insufficiency.

  4. Which local anesthetic has the longest duration of action and is commonly used for nerve blocks in large animals?

    Answer: Bupivacaine

    Bupivacaine has the longest duration of action among common local anesthetics (up to 6-8 hours) and is used for prolonged nerve blocks in horses and cattle.

  5. What is the antidote for organophosphate toxicity?

    Answer: Atropine and pralidoxime (2-PAM)

    Atropine counteracts excessive muscarinic stimulation (SLUDGE signs), while pralidoxime (2-PAM) reactivates acetylcholinesterase if given early before aging occurs.

  6. Which antibiotic is bacteriostatic and works by binding the 30S ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis?

    Answer: Doxycycline

    Doxycycline (a tetracycline) is bacteriostatic and inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing aminoacyl-tRNA binding.

  7. A rabbit is being treated for E. cuniculi (Encephalitozoon cuniculi). Which drug is the treatment of choice?

    Answer: Fenbendazole

    Fenbendazole is the recommended treatment for E. cuniculi in rabbits, used for 28 days to reduce neurological signs and parasite burden.