Pediatric Ophthalmology Flashcards
7 cards from real Vision and Ophthalmology practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pediatric Ophthalmology flashcards as text
Leukocoria (white pupillary reflex) in a child is most classically associated with which condition?
Answer: Retinoblastoma
Leukocoria is a classic presenting sign of retinoblastoma, though it can also indicate cataract, Coats disease, or other conditions.
To minimize the risk of deprivation amblyopia, congenital visually significant cataracts should ideally be removed within:
Answer: The first 6 weeks of life
Visually significant unilateral congenital cataracts should be removed by 6–8 weeks of age to allow normal visual development and prevent severe deprivation amblyopia.
What is the most common form of childhood glaucoma?
Answer: Primary congenital (infantile) glaucoma
Primary congenital glaucoma, caused by developmental abnormality of the trabecular meshwork, is the most common form of glaucoma in children.
Which clinical sign is characteristic of primary congenital glaucoma in infants?
Answer: Buphthalmos (enlarged globe)
Buphthalmos (ox-eye) is enlargement of the infant globe due to elevated IOP stretching the compliant sclera, a hallmark of congenital glaucoma.
What is nystagmus?
Answer: Involuntary rhythmic oscillating eye movements
Nystagmus is characterized by involuntary, rhythmic, repetitive eye movements that can be horizontal, vertical, torsional, or mixed.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) primarily develops in which population?
Answer: Premature infants with low birth weight receiving supplemental oxygen
ROP occurs in premature, low-birth-weight infants whose retinal vascularization is incomplete; supplemental oxygen further increases risk of abnormal vessel proliferation.
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) most commonly resolves spontaneously by what age?
Answer: 12 months
Approximately 90% of CNLDO cases resolve spontaneously by 12 months of age as the membranous obstruction at the valve of Hasner opens.