VA-BC Infusion Therapy & Solutions 3

Question 1

What is the clinical distinction between infiltration and extravasation during IV infusion?

Accepted Answer

Infiltration involves non-vesicant fluid leaking into surrounding tissue; extravasation involves vesicant agents causing tissue damage

Answer

Infiltration involves vesicant agents; extravasation involves non-vesicant fluids

Answer

Extravasation causes no harm while infiltration always causes necrosis

Answer

The two terms are used interchangeably in clinical practice

Question 2

Amphotericin B, an antifungal medication, must be reconstituted and diluted in which specific IV solution to prevent precipitation?

Accepted Answer

D5W (5% Dextrose in Water)

Answer

0.9% Normal Saline

Answer

Lactated Ringer's

Answer

0.45% Normal Saline

Question 3

According to current INS standards, peripheral IV catheters should be replaced based on which primary criterion?

Accepted Answer

Clinical indication such as signs of complication, not on a routine schedule

Answer

Automatically every 24 hours

Answer

Automatically every 48 hours

Answer

Automatically every 96 hours regardless of status

Question 4

A patient is scheduled to receive IV chemotherapy classified as a vesicant. The patient has only a peripheral IV catheter in place. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

Accepted Answer

Ensure a central venous access device is placed and confirmed prior to administration

Answer

Administer peripherally if the vein flushes without resistance

Answer

Dilute the drug further to reduce vesicant risk and use the peripheral line

Answer

Administer at the slowest possible rate through the peripheral IV

Question 5

Per INS standards, standard (non-lipid-containing) continuous IV administration sets should be changed no more frequently than every:

Accepted Answer

96 hours (4 days)

Answer

24 hours

Answer

48 hours

Answer

7 days

Question 6

Which factor most significantly influences the rate of IV drug distribution and therapeutic effect once a medication enters the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Blood flow, patient hemodynamics, and drug pharmacokinetic properties

Answer

The color and opacity of the IV bag

Answer

The patient's body surface area alone

Answer

The gauge of the IV catheter alone

Question 7

When priming IV administration tubing for a new infusion, what is the correct technique to minimize air introduction into the line?

Accepted Answer

Invert all drip chambers and close clamps before spiking the bag, then open slowly to allow gravity fill

Answer

Flush the tubing rapidly with the clamp open to push air out quickly

Answer

Squeeze the drip chamber forcefully to fill it halfway, then open the clamp fully

Answer

Allow the air to clear naturally once the infusion pump is running