Test of Essential Academic Skills (TEAS) — Questions and Answers

Question 1: What is the primary purpose of a literature review section in a nursing research article?

To provide the author's personal opinions about the research topic
To summarize existing research relevant to the study topic, identifying gaps the new study addresses (Correct answer)
To list all books the author read while preparing the article
To present the author's original data and findings

Correct answer: To summarize existing research relevant to the study topic, identifying gaps the new study addresses

A literature review synthesizes existing studies to show what is already known, identify gaps in the current evidence base, and justify why the new research is needed.

Question 2: During photosynthesis, which two compounds are combined to create the output of glucose and oxygen?

Bicarbonate and water.
Carbon dioxide and water. (Correct answer)
Carbon dioxide and bicarbonate.
Carbon dioxide and multiple alkaline substances.

Correct answer: Carbon dioxide and water.

Photosynthesis is the fundamental process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy. The balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis shows that carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) are the primary reactants. These compounds are combined in the presence of sunlight to produce glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) as food and oxygen (O₂) as a byproduct.

Question 3: A patient takes 2 tablets twice daily for 7 days. How many tablets are needed in total?

28 (Correct answer)
14
21
35

Correct answer: 28

Multiply doses per day by tablets per dose by number of days: 2 doses × 2 tablets × 7 days = 28 tablets.

Question 4: Simplify: 4x² + 3x - 2x² + 5x - 1

6x² + 8x - 1
6x² + 2x + 1
2x² + 8x - 1 (Correct answer)
2x² + 2x - 1

Correct answer: 2x² + 8x - 1

Combine like terms: (4x² - 2x²) = 2x², (3x + 5x) = 8x, and the constant -1. Result: 2x² + 8x - 1.

Question 5: Which of the following species demonstrates a high fitness level?

a turtle species that reproduces in low numbers.
a deer that has 90% viability of all offspring. (Correct answer)
a mule that produces infertile offspring.
a cow that has 100% viability for male offspring.

Correct answer: a deer that has 90% viability of all offspring.

In biology, fitness is defined by an organism's ability to survive and, crucially, to reproduce viable offspring that can also reproduce. A deer with 90% viability of its offspring demonstrates high reproductive success, ensuring a strong contribution of its genes to the next generation, which is a key indicator of high fitness.

Question 6: What is the function of a thesis statement?

To provide evidence for a specific claim
To summarize all the details of a passage
To introduce background information about a topic
To state the main argument or central point of an essay (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To state the main argument or central point of an essay

A thesis statement presents the central argument or main point that the rest of the essay will support and develop. It tells the reader what position the writer is taking.

Question 7: Which sentence avoids a double negative?

I can't hardly see.
I don't have no money.
I don't have any money. (Correct answer)
She didn't say nothing.

Correct answer: I don't have any money.

'Don't have any' correctly uses a single negative.

Question 8: Which of the following is the best example of a valid, evidence-based inference from a healthcare text?

The article mentions one death from a drug — therefore, the drug should be banned.
The hospital director likes the new protocol — therefore, it must be clinically superior.
The nurse had a bad experience once — therefore, the procedure is unsafe.
Studies show the drug reduced hospitalizations by 40% in three trials with large samples — therefore, the drug is likely effective. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Studies show the drug reduced hospitalizations by 40% in three trials with large samples — therefore, the drug is likely effective.

An inference based on multiple trials with large samples showing consistent 40% reduction is scientifically sound. The other options are based on anecdote, limited sample, or appeal to authority.

Question 9: A patient receives 500 mL of IV fluid over 4 hours. How many mL per hour is being administered?

200 mL/hr
100 mL/hr
125 mL/hr (Correct answer)
150 mL/hr

Correct answer: 125 mL/hr

Divide the total volume by the total time: 500 mL ÷ 4 hours = 125 mL per hour.

Question 10: Which word is a synonym for "diligent"?

Negligent
Careless
Impulsive
Industrious (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Industrious

"Diligent" means showing careful and persistent effort. "Industrious" is its synonym, meaning hardworking and energetic. "Negligent" and "careless" are antonyms.

Question 11: Which of the following best describes the term "versatile" as it is used in the passage?

Something that has a strong rhythm
Something that is grounded in reality
Something that is easy to be misinterpreted
Something that can be used in many different ways (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Something that can be used in many different ways

The term 'versatile' means capable of adapting or being adapted to many different functions or activities. Therefore, describing something as 'versatile' in a passage implies that it possesses a wide range of uses or applications, making it adaptable to various situations.

Question 12: A pie chart shows student subject preferences: 25% Science, 35% Math, 20% English, and the rest Reading. What percentage of students prefer Reading?

15%
20% (Correct answer)
10%
25%

Correct answer: 20%

All percentages in a pie chart must total 100%. The known values sum to 25 + 35 + 20 = 80%, so Reading = 100% − 80% = 20%.

Question 13: Which context clue strategy helps determine the meaning of "benign" in: "The tumor was benign, so no treatment was necessary and the patient was relieved"?

Synonym clue
Antonym clue
Cause-and-effect clue (Correct answer)
Example clue

Correct answer: Cause-and-effect clue

The sentence shows the effect of "benign" (no treatment needed, patient relieved), which tells us benign means harmless or not dangerous. This is a cause-and-effect context clue.

Question 14: Which macromolecule serves as the primary long-term energy storage in humans?

Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids (fats) (Correct answer)
Nucleic acids

Correct answer: Lipids (fats)

Lipids (triglycerides/fats) are the primary long-term energy storage molecules in the human body, providing 9 calories per gram compared to 4 for carbohydrates and proteins.

Question 15: Which body part does rhino represent?

Nose (Correct answer)
Eye
Mouth
Chin

Correct answer: Nose

The prefix 'rhino-' is derived from the Greek word 'rhis,' which means nose. This prefix is commonly used in medical and scientific terminology to refer to the nose or nasal cavity. For example, a rhinoceros is named for its prominent nose horn, directly linking 'rhino' to the nose.

Question 16: When it comes to the human respiratory system, which of the following best describes the process of inhalation?

the diaphragm relaxes and lowers, making the air pressure in the lungs decrease.
the diaphragm relaxes and lifts, making the air pressure in the lungs increase.
the diaphragm contracts and lowers, making the air pressure in the lungs decrease. (Correct answer)
the diaphragm contracts and lifts, making the air pressure in the lungs decrease.

Correct answer: the diaphragm contracts and lowers, making the air pressure in the lungs decrease.

During inhalation, the diaphragm muscle contracts and moves downwards, and the intercostal muscles contract, pulling the rib cage up and out. This action increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, which in turn decreases the air pressure inside the lungs relative to the atmospheric pressure, causing air to flow into the lungs.

Question 17: Which train described below would have the greatest momentum?

An 8000 kg train car moving at 215 mph
A 9500 kg train car moving at 200 mph (Correct answer)
A 8600 kg train car mobbing at 195 mph
A 9300 kg train car moving at 190 mph

Correct answer: A 9500 kg train car moving at 200 mph

Momentum (p) is calculated as the product of an object's mass (m) and its velocity (v), represented by the formula p = mv. To determine which train car has the greatest momentum, we calculate this product for each option: A) 9500 kg * 200 mph = 1,900,000; B) 8000 kg * 215 mph = 1,720,000; C) 9300 kg * 190 mph = 1,767,000; D) 8600 kg * 195 mph = 1,677,000. Option A yields the highest momentum value.

Question 18: Choose the sentence that is a fragment.

She ran through the rain.
We ran home.
Running through the rain. (Correct answer)
The rain fell hard.

Correct answer: Running through the rain.

'Running through the rain' lacks a subject and a complete verb, making it a fragment.

Question 19: What is the correct plural form of "criterion"?

Criterions
Criteria (Correct answer)
Criterions
Criterias

Correct answer: Criteria

"Criteria" is the correct plural of "criterion," which comes from Greek. "Criterions" exists but is less preferred. "Criterias" is always incorrect.

Question 20: Solve for x: 6x - 3 = 2x + 13.

3
8
5
4 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 4

Subtract 2x and add 3 to get 4x = 16, so x = 4.

Question 21: Identify the adverb in: 'She quickly answered the question.'

Answered
Quickly (Correct answer)
Question
She

Correct answer: Quickly

'Quickly' modifies the verb 'answered.'

Question 22: Which of Newton's laws states that an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force?

Newton's Second Law (F = ma)
Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia) (Correct answer)
Newton's Third Law (Action-Reaction)
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

Correct answer: Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia)

Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia) states that an object will remain in its current state of motion (rest or constant velocity) unless acted upon by a net external force.

Question 23: The primary structural component of red blood cells that carries oxygen is:

Globulin
Hemoglobin (Correct answer)
Albumin
Fibrinogen

Correct answer: Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it to tissues.

Question 24: What is the charge of an electron?

Variable
Neutral
Positive
Negative (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Negative

Electrons carry a negative electric charge.

Question 25: Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Coronary arteries
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary veins (Correct answer)
Pulmonary arteries

Correct answer: Pulmonary veins

Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart — the only veins in the body that carry oxygenated blood. Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Question 26: Which of the following lines best explains how "Saving Private Ryan" may be utilized in the classroom?

“Jaws” would also be a good movie that a teacher could use in the classroom.
Learning to analyze a film in this way can not only help students get more out of their viewing, but it can also help them work on their critical thinking skills. (Correct answer)
Too many teachers are stuck in their ways, though, and unwilling to adapt.
Just putting “Saving Private Ryan” on the screen and then getting work done in the back of the room is not a helpful way to use a film in class.

Correct answer: Learning to analyze a film in this way can not only help students get more out of their viewing, but it can also help them work on their critical thinking skills.

This line directly explains a valuable method for utilizing film in the classroom by focusing on active engagement and skill development. It highlights that analyzing a film helps students gain deeper understanding and cultivate critical thinking, moving beyond mere entertainment or passive consumption.

Question 27: A 500 mL bag of saline must infuse at a rate of 40 mL/hr. How many hours and minutes will the infusion take?

11 hr 0 min
12 hr 0 min
12 hr 30 min (Correct answer)
10 hr 30 min

Correct answer: 12 hr 30 min

500 ÷ 40 = 12.5 hours = 12 hours and 30 minutes.

Question 28: What text elements frequently appear outside the main text?

Both a and b (Correct answer)
Footnote
Bold text
Sidebar

Correct answer: Both a and b

Sidebars are blocks of text set apart from the main body, often providing supplementary information, related facts, or interesting anecdotes. Footnotes, indicated by superscripts, offer additional details, explanations, or source citations at the bottom of a page. Both elements serve to enhance the main text but are presented separately from its continuous flow, making them 'outside the main text'.

Question 29: Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of the digestive tract and blood vessels?

Striated voluntary muscle
Smooth muscle (Correct answer)
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle

Correct answer: Smooth muscle

Smooth muscle is involuntary and non-striated, found in hollow organs such as the digestive tract, bladder, and blood vessels.

Question 30: Which element is essential in an informational text's summary?

All details and examples from the original text
Quotations from every paragraph
The reader's personal opinion about the topic
The main idea and key supporting points only (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The main idea and key supporting points only

A summary restates the main idea and key supporting points in the reader's own words. It does not include personal opinions, every quotation, or all minor details — those would make it a paraphrase or re-write rather than a summary.

Question 31: A passage states a fire alarm rang, people grabbed their belongings calmly, and exited in single file. The reader can infer the group was:

Unaware of the alarm
Well-prepared and orderly (Correct answer)
Trapped inside
Panicked and disorganized

Correct answer: Well-prepared and orderly

Calmly gathering belongings and exiting in single file implies a well-prepared, orderly group.

Question 32: When x + y = z and x + y + 15 = 30, 40 - z =

15
30
20
25 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 25

Given the equations x + y = z and x + y + 15 = 30, we can substitute 'z' for 'x + y' in the second equation. This yields z + 15 = 30. Solving for z, we subtract 15 from both sides: z = 30 - 15 = 15. Finally, substitute the value of z into the expression 40 - z: 40 - 15 = 25.

Question 33: A character says, "I'm fine," while wiping away tears. The contrast between words and actions invites the reader to infer the character is:

Confused about the question
Hiding distress (Correct answer)
Joking
Genuinely content

Correct answer: Hiding distress

Tears contradicting the words 'I'm fine' imply the character is hiding distress.

Question 34: A patient weighs 68 kilograms. Using the conversion factor 1 kg ≈ 2.2 lbs, approximately how much does the patient weigh in pounds?

Approximately 65.8 lbs (68 − 2.2)
Approximately 30.9 lbs (68 ÷ 2.2)
Approximately 70.2 lbs (68 + 2.2)
Approximately 149.6 lbs (68 × 2.2) (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Approximately 149.6 lbs (68 × 2.2)

To convert kilograms to pounds, multiply by 2.2 because one kilogram equals approximately 2.2 pounds. 68 × 2.2 = 149.6 lbs.

Question 35: Read the following passage: 'The patient presented with a temperature of 101.3°F, productive cough with yellow-green sputum, and bilateral crackles on auscultation. Chest X-ray revealed infiltrates in the lower lobes.' This passage is an example of which type of writing?

Narrative writing
Technical/clinical writing (Correct answer)
Persuasive writing
Expository writing

Correct answer: Technical/clinical writing

The passage uses clinical terminology and objective observations typical of medical documentation, making it technical/clinical writing.

Question 36: Which question would best help a reader critically evaluate an author's argument?

What evidence supports the author's claims? (Correct answer)
What font is used?
When was the author born?
How long is the passage?

Correct answer: What evidence supports the author's claims?

Asking what evidence supports the claims directly tests the strength of the argument.

Question 37: Jonathan Swift’s dark view of humanity is expressed in his novel Gulliver’s Travels(1726). Swift believed that society, which is meant to protect people from inequality and injustice, actually encourages the worst evils, promotes immorality, and allows injustices to occur. In Gulliver’s Travels, Swift asks whether “civilization” is only an elaborate cover for the lowest forms of human behavior. Swift raises this question through satire, a literary form which he brings to perfection in Gulliver’s Travels. Following in the great tradition of classical satirists, Swift uses Gulliver’s Travels to point out the underlying ridiculousness of the society around him. In one section of Gulliver’s Travels, for example, Gulliver describes his native England to the king of a land of giants. Gulliver talks enthusiastically to the giant king about the class system, laws, constitution, military glory, and history of his homeland. After carefully listening to Gulliver’s speech, however, the king proceeds to point out the many shortcomings of Gulliver’s native land. Gulliver is unable to come up with adequate responses to the criticism. He can only stand there in embarrassed silence as the king eventually concludes that the institutions of the human world should be condemned. The author uses quotation marks around the word “civilization” in the first paragraph to convey

skepticism (Correct answer)
wit
studiousness
anger

Correct answer: skepticism

The use of quotation marks around 'civilization' in the context of Swift asking if it's 'only an elaborate cover for the lowest forms of human behavior' indicates doubt or questioning of the term's true meaning or value. This punctuation suggests that the concept of civilization, as commonly understood, might not be what it appears, conveying a sense of skepticism about its genuine nature.

Question 38: What does the phrase "the author's tone" refer to?

The number of examples the author uses
The length and complexity of the author's sentences
The author's attitude toward the subject, conveyed through word choice (Correct answer)
The loudness or quietness of the author's writing style

Correct answer: The author's attitude toward the subject, conveyed through word choice

Tone refers to the author's attitude toward the subject or audience, expressed through their choice of words, sentence structure, and details. Tone can be formal, informal, optimistic, critical, humorous, and so on.

Question 39: Most students at Hudson University enjoy their Chemistry class. Which part of this statement needs to be revised?

change students to students'
change Chemistry to chemistry (Correct answer)
insert a comma after University
change class to Class

Correct answer: change Chemistry to chemistry

Subject names like 'chemistry,' 'biology,' or 'mathematics' are generally not capitalized unless they are part of a proper noun (e.g., 'Chemistry 101') or a specific course title. In this general reference to a subject, 'chemistry' should be lowercase.

Question 40: His job performance was found to have an _______ low track record of success in nearly every area. Which of the following is the correct completions of the sentence above?

abysmaly
abysmal
abysmally (Correct answer)
abysmall

Correct answer: abysmally

The blank requires an adverb to modify the adjective 'low.' 'Abysmally' is the adverbial form of 'abysmal,' meaning extremely or dreadfully. It correctly describes the degree to which the track record was low.

Question 41: When salt (NaCl) dissolves in water, what type of interaction occurs between the water molecules and the ions?

Covalent bond formation between water and NaCl
Hydrogen bonding between NaCl and water
Ion-dipole interactions between polar water molecules and Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions (Correct answer)
London dispersion forces between the ions and water

Correct answer: Ion-dipole interactions between polar water molecules and Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions

Polar water molecules orient their partial charges (δ⁻ oxygen near Na⁺, δ⁺ hydrogens near Cl⁻) to surround and stabilize the ions through ion-dipole interactions, enabling dissolution.

Question 42: Identify the compound sentence.

The nurse charted the data.
After charting, she left.
Charting the data carefully.
The nurse charted the data, and the doctor reviewed it. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The nurse charted the data, and the doctor reviewed it.

Two independent clauses joined by 'and' form a compound sentence.

Question 43: A store marks up items by 35% over cost. If an item costs the store $60, what is the selling price?

$87
$84
$78
$81 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: $81

Markup = 35% × $60 = $21; selling price = $60 + $21 = $81.

Question 44: Choose the correctly punctuated sentence containing a direct quotation.

The doctor said, "Take two tablets daily." (Correct answer)
The doctor said "Take two tablets daily".
The doctor said, "Take two tablets daily".
The doctor said "take two tablets daily."

Correct answer: The doctor said, "Take two tablets daily."

A comma follows the attribution before a direct quote. The quote begins with a capital letter, and the period goes inside the closing quotation mark in American English.

Question 45: The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low to high solute concentration is called what?

Osmosis (Correct answer)
Endocytosis
Diffusion
Active transport

Correct answer: Osmosis

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

Question 46: If 3x = 4x - 9, what is x?

-9
-3
3
9 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 9

Subtract 3x from both sides to get 0 = x - 9, so x = 9.

Question 47: If this were an advertisement for a university, which of the following would be the best choice to add to the conclusion of the passage?

The world needs more doctors, so you should start trying to be a doctor today.
Enroll in our school today and find out who you want to be. (Correct answer)
No matter what you want in life, you need schooling.
Mozart didn’t wait; you shouldn’t either.

Correct answer: Enroll in our school today and find out who you want to be.

As an advertisement for a university, the conclusion should encourage potential students to enroll and highlight the benefits of higher education. "Enroll in our school today and find out who you want to be" directly appeals to personal development and self-discovery, which are key aspects universities promote. This statement invites action and promises a transformative experience, making it the most effective choice for a university advertisement.

Question 48: The passage suggests that the giant king thinks England's laws and society are _______.

one of hidden jealously
in line with the author’s own opinion
similar to the citizens of England’s
close to Swift’s own opinion (Correct answer)

Correct answer: close to Swift’s own opinion

In *Gulliver's Travels*, the giant king of Brobdingnag offers a scathing critique of English society, laws, and politics based on Gulliver's descriptions. These criticisms are widely understood to reflect Jonathan Swift's own satirical views and disillusionment with the political and social conditions of his time. Thus, the giant king's opinions are presented as being very close to Swift’s own.

Question 49: An author claims a diet is effective and notes, "Thousands have already tried it." Relying on the number of users as proof is an example of:

A controlled experiment
Strong scientific evidence
An appeal to popularity (Correct answer)
Expert testimony

Correct answer: An appeal to popularity

Citing how many people use something as proof it works is an appeal to popularity, not evidence of effectiveness.

Question 50: Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering blood, removing waste products, and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance?

Pancreas
Spleen
Kidneys (Correct answer)
Liver

Correct answer: Kidneys

The kidneys filter approximately 180 liters of blood daily, removing waste products as urine while regulating fluid volume, electrolyte concentrations, and acid-base balance.

Question 51: Which of the following correctly factors x² - 9?

(x + 3)²
(x - 9)(x + 1)
(x + 3)(x - 3) (Correct answer)
(x - 3)²

Correct answer: (x + 3)(x - 3)

x² - 9 is a difference of two squares: a² - b² = (a + b)(a - b). Here a = x and b = 3, giving (x + 3)(x - 3).

Question 52: During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles?

Metaphase
Prophase
Telophase
Anaphase (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Anaphase

Sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite poles during anaphase.

Question 53: When comparing two passages on the same topic, which question helps identify the author's purpose?

Why did each author write the passage, and for what audience? (Correct answer)
How long is each passage?
Which passage has more paragraphs?
What vocabulary does each author use?

Correct answer: Why did each author write the passage, and for what audience?

Author's purpose is best identified by asking why the author wrote the text and who the intended audience is. This helps distinguish between texts meant to inform, persuade, entertain, or express.

Question 54: Which of the following layers of the atmosphere is the closest to space?

stratosphere
thermosphere (Correct answer)
mesosphere
troposphere

Correct answer: thermosphere

The Earth's atmosphere is divided into several layers based on temperature and composition. Starting from the Earth's surface, these layers are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. The thermosphere is the outermost layer before the exosphere, which gradually merges with outer space, making it the closest layer to space among the options.

Question 55: What is 35% of 240?

80
72
96
84 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 84

Convert 35% to a decimal: 0.35. Multiply: 0.35 × 240 = 84. Alternatively: 10% of 240 = 24; 30% = 72; 5% = 12; total = 84.

Question 56: What is the largest organ of the human body?

Liver
Brain
Lungs
Skin (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Skin

The skin is the body's largest organ and serves as a protective barrier and temperature regulator.

Question 57: Which of the following sentences contains a statement of opinion rather than fact?

The human body contains 206 bones in adulthood.
Nursing is the most rewarding career in healthcare. (Correct answer)
Normal adult body temperature is approximately 98.6°F (37°C).
The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body.

Correct answer: Nursing is the most rewarding career in healthcare.

'Most rewarding' is a subjective judgment that cannot be measured or verified, making it an opinion. The other options state verifiable medical facts.

Question 58: Solve the system of equations: x + y = 10 and x - y = 4

x = 6, y = 4
x = 3, y = 7
x = 7, y = 3 (Correct answer)
x = 8, y = 2

Correct answer: x = 7, y = 3

Add the equations: 2x = 14, so x = 7. Substitute: 7 + y = 10, so y = 3.

Question 59: A spacesuit consists of several pieces. The Hard Upper Torso covers the astronaut's chest. The arm assembly covers the arms and connects to the gloves. The helmet and Extravehicular Visor Assembly are designed to protect the astronaut's head while still allowing him or her to see as much as possible. The Lower Torso Assembly covers the astronaut's legs and feet. The flexible parts of the suit are made from several layers of material. The layers perform different functions, from keeping oxygen within the spacesuit to protecting from space dust. Underneath the spacesuit, astronauts wear a Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment. Tubes are woven into this tight-fitting piece of clothing that covers the entire body except for the head, hands and feet. Water flows through these tubes to keep the astronaut cool during spacewalks. On the back of the spacesuit is a backpack called the Primary Life Support Subsystem. This backpack contains the oxygen that astronauts breathe during spacewalks. It also removes carbon dioxide that astronauts exhale. The backpack also provides electricity for the suit. A fan moves the oxygen through the spacesuit and life support systems, and a water tank holds the cooling water that flows through the Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment. Which of these sentences represents a summary sentence for the passage?

A spacesuit is much more than a set of clothes astronauts wear on spacewalks. (Correct answer)
NASA is also looking at what will be needed on spacesuits for trips to Mars.
NASA's first spacewalks took place during the Gemini program.
The Advanced Crew Escape Suit is the orange suit that astronauts wear during launch and landing of the space shuttle.

Correct answer: A spacesuit is much more than a set of clothes astronauts wear on spacewalks.

A summary sentence should capture the main idea of the entire passage. The passage describes the various complex components and functions of a spacesuit, highlighting that it's not just clothing but a sophisticated life-support system. Option A, 'A spacesuit is much more than a set of clothes astronauts wear on spacewalks,' best encapsulates this comprehensive nature and the detailed information provided about its multiple parts and purposes.

Question 60: Which sentence uses the correct verb tense for a completed past action affecting now?

I finishing my report.
I have finished my report. (Correct answer)
I will finish my report.
I finish my report.

Correct answer: I have finished my report.

Present perfect 'have finished' links a past action to the present.

Question 61: 5y − 8 > 32

y > 6
y < 8
y > 8 (Correct answer)
y < 6

Correct answer: y > 8

To solve the inequality 5y - 8 > 32, first add 8 to both sides of the inequality: 5y > 32 + 8, which simplifies to 5y > 40. Next, divide both sides by 5 to isolate y. This results in y > 40 / 5, which simplifies to y > 8.

Question 62: Cardiac muscle is unique because it is:

Involuntary and striated (Correct answer)
Voluntary and striated
Voluntary and smooth
Involuntary and smooth

Correct answer: Involuntary and striated

Cardiac muscle is involuntary yet striated, allowing the heart to contract rhythmically.

Question 63: Which of the following represents the ratio 18:27 in simplest form?

2:3 (Correct answer)
3:4
9:13
6:9

Correct answer: 2:3

Find the GCF of 18 and 27: GCF = 9. Divide both by 9: 18/9 = 2, 27/9 = 3. Simplest form: 2:3.

Question 64: Which type of organism can perform photosynthesis?

Heterotrophs
Carnivores
Autotrophs (Correct answer)
Decomposers only

Correct answer: Autotrophs

Autotrophs (producers) can perform photosynthesis, using light energy to synthesize organic compounds from CO2 and water.

Question 65: What term describes all the living and nonliving things interacting in a given area?

Population
Community
Biome
Ecosystem (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Ecosystem

An ecosystem includes all living organisms and nonliving factors in an area.

Question 66: What is the best strategy for identifying the main idea of a passage?

Read only the first sentence of each paragraph
Count the number of times a word appears
Identify the topic, then determine what the author is saying about it (Correct answer)
Focus on descriptive details and adjectives

Correct answer: Identify the topic, then determine what the author is saying about it

The main idea combines the topic with what the author asserts about it. First identify the subject (topic), then find the central claim or argument the author makes about it. This is more reliable than reading only first sentences.

Question 67: Which of the following sentences contains a split infinitive?

She decided to study quickly the material before the exam.
She decided to study the material before the exam.
She quickly decided to study the material before the exam.
She decided to quickly study the material before the exam. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: She decided to quickly study the material before the exam.

A split infinitive occurs when an adverb is placed between 'to' and the verb. In option B, 'quickly' splits the infinitive 'to study.'

Question 68: On the periodic table, elements in the same column share what?

The same number of neutrons
Similar chemical properties (Correct answer)
The same atomic mass
Identical melting points

Correct answer: Similar chemical properties

Elements in a group have similar valence electrons and chemical behavior.

Question 69: What is the purpose of an "abstract" in a scientific article?

To provide detailed methodology for replicating the study
To list all references cited in the article
To give a brief overview of the study's purpose, methods, and findings (Correct answer)
To present the raw data collected during the study

Correct answer: To give a brief overview of the study's purpose, methods, and findings

An abstract is a concise summary (usually 150–300 words) that gives readers a quick overview of the research: what was studied, how, and what was found. It helps readers decide whether to read the full article.

Question 70: Which of the following sentences contains a misplaced modifier?

The nurse gave the patient an injection quickly.
The nurse quickly gave the patient an injection.
The nurse gave an injection quickly to the patient.
The nurse gave the quickly patient an injection. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The nurse gave the quickly patient an injection.

In option C, 'quickly' is placed before 'patient,' implying the patient is 'quickly,' which is illogical. The adverb should modify the verb, not the noun.

Question 71: A nursing student reads the following: 'Despite the medication's efficacy in clinical trials, some physicians remain cautious due to limited long-term safety data.' The word 'efficacy' most likely means:

Toxicity
Availability
Effectiveness (Correct answer)
Affordability

Correct answer: Effectiveness

The contrast set up by 'despite' indicates that the medication performed well in trials, while caution remains due to safety concerns. 'Efficacy' in a clinical context means effectiveness or the ability to produce the desired result, which fits the contrast.

Question 72: Which of the following is a characteristic of the autonomic nervous system?

It is thought to be the center of intelligence.
It regulates the voluntary control of body movements through the skeletal muscles.
It is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
It regulates involuntary activity in the heart, stomach, lungs, and intestines. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It regulates involuntary activity in the heart, stomach, lungs, and intestines.

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary bodily functions. It regulates essential internal processes such as heart rate, digestion, respiration, blood pressure, and glandular activity, all without conscious thought or control.

Question 73: A triangle has sides of length 7, 24, and 25 cm. What type of triangle is it?

Equilateral
Acute
Obtuse
Right (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Right

7² + 24² = 49 + 576 = 625 = 25², satisfying the Pythagorean theorem.

Question 74: A recipe calls for 3¼ cups of flour. If you want to make 1.5 times the recipe, how many cups of flour do you need?

4⅞ cups (Correct answer)
4¾ cups
4¼ cups
4½ cups

Correct answer: 4⅞ cups

3.25 × 1.5 = 4.875 cups, which equals 4⅞ cups.

Question 75: Which of the following is true about the frog?

It is a non-vertebrate.
It is closer to most tetrapods than to most newts.
It is a member of the salamandridae family.
It is a type of amphibian. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It is a type of amphibian.

Frogs are classified under the class Amphibia, which literally means 'double life,' referring to their ability to live both in water and on land. Amphibians are vertebrates characterized by moist skin, the absence of scales, and typically undergoing metamorphosis from an aquatic larval stage to a terrestrial adult stage. Therefore, a frog is definitively a type of amphibian.

Question 76: Which of the following correctly describes an "exothermic" chemical reaction?

A reaction that absorbs energy (heat) from the surroundings
A reaction that requires a catalyst to proceed
A reaction that releases energy (heat) to the surroundings (Correct answer)
A reaction that only occurs at very high temperatures

Correct answer: A reaction that releases energy (heat) to the surroundings

An exothermic reaction releases energy (usually as heat) to the surroundings, so the products have less energy than the reactants. Combustion (burning) and many oxidation reactions are exothermic. Endothermic reactions absorb energy.

Question 77: In an experiment, a scientist tests whether a new fertilizer increases tomato plant growth. The plants given fertilizer are the experimental group. What is the control group?

Plants grown under identical conditions but without the fertilizer (Correct answer)
Plants grown in a different location
Plants given twice the amount of fertilizer
Plants of a different species grown with the fertilizer

Correct answer: Plants grown under identical conditions but without the fertilizer

The control group must be identical to the experimental group in every way except for the independent variable (fertilizer), so it consists of plants grown under the same conditions without fertilizer.

Question 78: What nouns are singular in the following list?

Locus
all of the above (Correct answer)
Ovum
Crisis

Correct answer: all of the above

To determine the correct answer, one must identify the singular forms of the given nouns. "Crisis" is singular (plural: crises), "Ovum" is singular (plural: ova), and "Locus" is singular (plural: loci). Since all three options are singular nouns, "all of the above" is the correct choice.

Question 79: Which structure connects a muscle to a bone?

Tendon (Correct answer)
Fascia
Cartilage
Ligament

Correct answer: Tendon

Tendons are fibrous connective tissue structures that attach muscle to bone, transmitting the force of muscle contraction to move bones.

Question 80: Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

A patient's body temperature recorded as 38.5°C
The number of bacterial colonies counted on a culture plate
The color of a solution after a chemical reaction occurs (Correct answer)
The mass of a chemical sample measured in grams

Correct answer: The color of a solution after a chemical reaction occurs

Qualitative data describes non-numerical characteristics such as color, texture, smell, or appearance. Options A, B, and D are all numerical (quantitative) measurements.

Question 81: Which part of the neuron transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body?

Axon (Correct answer)
Myelin sheath
Nucleus
Dendrite

Correct answer: Axon

The axon is the long projection of a neuron that carries electrical impulses (action potentials) away from the cell body toward other neurons, muscles, or glands. Dendrites receive signals toward the cell body.

Question 82: How many chromosomes are typically found in a normal human body (somatic) cell?

44
23
92
46 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 46

Human somatic cells normally contain 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs.

Question 83: Which blood vessels carry blood AWAY from the heart?

Capillaries
Arteries (Correct answer)
Veins
Venules

Correct answer: Arteries

Arteries carry blood away from the heart (regardless of whether the blood is oxygenated or deoxygenated).

Question 84: A nurse must administer 45 mg of medication. The available dose is 15 mg per tablet. How many tablets are needed?

4
2
3 (Correct answer)
5

Correct answer: 3

Number of tablets = desired dose ÷ dose per tablet = 45 ÷ 15 = 3 tablets.

Question 85: Which statement about reading a medical reference text is MOST accurate?

Medical texts are always objective and require no critical analysis
Readers should identify the author's credentials, the publication date, and the evidence base (Correct answer)
All information in medical texts is equally important and should be memorized
Medical texts published by hospitals are always more reliable than those published by universities

Correct answer: Readers should identify the author's credentials, the publication date, and the evidence base

Critical evaluation of medical texts requires assessing the source's credibility (author credentials), currency (publication date), and evidence quality — not all sources are equally reliable.

Question 86: Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?

Gas
Solid
Liquid (Correct answer)
Plasma

Correct answer: Liquid

Liquids keep a fixed volume but take the shape of their container.

Question 87: The well-stocked larder was replete with dozens of canned goods intended to last through the winter. Which of the following is the meaning of the underlined word above?

managed
full (Correct answer)
heavy
exploding

Correct answer: full

The word 'replete' means completely filled or well-supplied with something. In the context of a 'well-stocked larder' filled 'with dozens of canned goods,' 'full' is the most accurate synonym. It indicates that the larder was abundantly supplied.

Question 88: | 2x − 5 | = 19 Which of the following is the solution set for the equation above?

{7, −12}
{−7, −12}
{−7, 12} (Correct answer)
{7, 12}

Correct answer: {−7, 12}

To solve an absolute value equation like |2x − 5| = 19, you must consider two cases. Case 1: 2x − 5 = 19. Adding 5 to both sides gives 2x = 24, so x = 12. Case 2: 2x − 5 = −19. Adding 5 to both sides gives 2x = −14, so x = −7. Therefore, the solution set for the equation is {−7, 12}.

Question 89: Cities all around the world are essentially amalgamations of more discrete cultural settings, which causes people to have incredibly diverse experiences. Every city often has a wide variety of food options as well as different art organizations like museums and theaters. What, therefore, might make a city stand out among all these variations in eating, art, and nightlife? History. The undeniably unique history of each city provides rich traditions and a bond between the local people that overshadows any other city’s mélange of dining and art institutions. <br> Which term best captures mélange in context?

assortment (Correct answer)
frivolous
opportunity
tradition

Correct answer: assortment

The word 'mélange' refers to a mixture or a varied collection of things. In the context of the passage, it describes the 'wide variety of food options as well as different art organizations,' which are presented as a diverse collection of features. Therefore, 'assortment' accurately captures this meaning of a varied collection or mix.

Question 90: In grammar, what is an 'antecedent'?

A sentence that comes before the main clause
A type of subordinating conjunction
A verb that precedes its subject
A word that a pronoun refers back to (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A word that a pronoun refers back to

An antecedent is the noun (or noun phrase) that a pronoun refers back to. Clear pronoun-antecedent agreement is essential for clear writing.

Question 91: A passage includes the following signal words: 'first,' 'next,' 'then,' 'finally.' What type of text structure does this indicate?

Sequential/chronological order (Correct answer)
Problem-solution
Compare-contrast
Cause-and-effect

Correct answer: Sequential/chronological order

First, next, then, and finally are transition words that signal sequential or chronological order — the steps or events are presented in the order they occur.

Question 92: Which hormone is produced by the adrenal medulla in response to stress?

Aldosterone
Testosterone
Cortisol
Epinephrine (adrenaline) (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Epinephrine (adrenaline)

The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine as part of the 'fight-or-flight' stress response.

Question 93: Evaluate 2a + 3b when a = 4 and b = 5.

20
17
35
23 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 23

2(4) + 3(5) = 8 + 15 = 23.

Question 94: Which set of numbers is ordered from least to greatest?

−1, −3, −4, 0, 2
−3, −1, 0, 2, −4
0, −1, −3, −4, 2
−4, −3, −1, 0, 2 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: −4, −3, −1, 0, 2

On a number line, −4 < −3 < −1 < 0 < 2.

Question 95: Read and follow the directions below. Imagine a deck of cards. Remove all four jacks and four kings. Add back in the red jacks. Remove the eights. Remove half the remaining cards at random. Which of the following tells the number of cards now in the deck?

21 (Correct answer)
22
20
19

Correct answer: 21

This is a step-by-step arithmetic problem. Starting with a standard 52-card deck, first remove 4 jacks and 4 kings, leaving 44 cards. Then, add back the 2 red jacks, bringing the total to 46. Next, remove the 4 eights, resulting in 42 cards. Finally, remove half of the remaining cards (42 / 2), which leaves 21 cards in the deck.

Question 96: "Friends and Fellow Citizens: Called upon to undertake the duties of the first executive office of our country, I avail myself of the presence of that portion of my fellow-citizens which is here assembled to express my grateful thanks for the favor with which they have been pleased to look toward me, to declare a sincere consciousness that the task is above my talents, and that I approach it with those anxious and awful presentiments which the greatness of the charge and the weakness of my powers so justly inspire." – Thomas Jefferson What is Jefferson's point in this excerpt?

Jefferson has no concern for public opinion. He wants only to do what is best for the nation.
Jefferson is envious of George Washington's popularity.
Without the support of the governed, a leader cannot lead. (Correct answer)
Jefferson wants to retire with a good reputation.

Correct answer: Without the support of the governed, a leader cannot lead.

Jefferson expresses 'grateful thanks for the favor with which they have been pleased to look toward me' and acknowledges that the 'task is above my talents' and he approaches it with 'anxious and awful presentiments.' This humility and reliance on the 'favor' and presence of his 'fellow-citizens' strongly suggest his understanding that leadership is contingent upon the support and trust of the people he governs. He is not expressing personal ambition or envy, but rather the weight of public expectation.

Question 97: If 15 is 60% of a number, what is 25% of that number?

10.50
9.00
6.25 (Correct answer)
7.50

Correct answer: 6.25

15 ÷ 0.60 = 25; 25% of 25 = 0.25 × 25 = 6.25.

Question 98: What is the function of a gerund in a sentence?

It acts as an adverb to modify a verb
It acts as an adjective to modify a noun
It acts as a noun (subject, object, or complement) while having a verb form ending in -ing (Correct answer)
It acts as a verb to show an ongoing action

Correct answer: It acts as a noun (subject, object, or complement) while having a verb form ending in -ing

A gerund is a verb form ending in -ing that functions as a noun in a sentence (subject, direct object, object of preposition, or subject complement).

Question 99: If f(x) = 2x² + 3, what is f(3)?

39
15
21 (Correct answer)
24

Correct answer: 21

f(3) = 2(3²) + 3 = 2(9) + 3 = 18 + 3 = 21.

Question 100: A nurse earns $28 per hour. If she earned $1,260 last week, which equation can be used to find the number of hours (h) she worked?

h = 1260 × 28
28h = 1260 (Correct answer)
h + 28 = 1260
h/28 = 1260

Correct answer: 28h = 1260

Total earnings = hourly rate × hours worked. So 28h = 1260. Solving: h = 1260/28 = 45 hours.

Question 101: A passage states: "By the time the rescuers arrived, the climbers had already built a snow shelter and were sharing the last of their rations." What can the reader infer about the climbers?

They had plenty of supplies remaining
They were inexperienced and panicked
They had given up hope of rescue
They were resourceful and prepared (Correct answer)

Correct answer: They were resourceful and prepared

Building a shelter and rationing food shows the climbers acted resourcefully and were prepared for survival.

Question 102: In DNA, the double helix structure is held together by what kind of bond between the complimentary bases?

nuclear
hydrogen (Correct answer)
ionic
covalent

Correct answer: hydrogen

The double helix structure of DNA is stabilized by hydrogen bonds that form between complementary nitrogenous bases on opposite strands. Adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T) via two hydrogen bonds, and guanine (G) always pairs with cytosine (C) via three hydrogen bonds. These relatively weak bonds allow the strands to separate for replication and transcription.

Question 103: Which of the following best describes a physical change?

Milk souring after being left out
Water boiling and turning to steam (Correct answer)
Iron rusting when exposed to oxygen and water
Wood burning in a fireplace

Correct answer: Water boiling and turning to steam

Water boiling is a physical change — the chemical composition (H₂O) does not change, only the physical state (liquid to gas).

Question 104: A student is writing a formal clinical report. Which sentence is MOST appropriate for that context?

The findings revealed a statistically significant deviation from the predicted outcome. (Correct answer)
Wow — the data showed something totally unexpected!
Nobody really saw these results coming, if we're being honest.
The results were kinda surprising to almost everyone involved.

Correct answer: The findings revealed a statistically significant deviation from the predicted outcome.

Formal academic and clinical writing requires precise, objective language free of colloquialisms. Options A, B, and D contain informal expressions ('kinda,' 'Wow,' 'totally,' 'if we're being honest') inappropriate for professional documents.

Question 105: Read this passage: 'Studies suggest that mindfulness practices may reduce anxiety in some patients.' How does the author qualify this claim?

By citing specific research studies with sample sizes
By using absolute language to confirm the effectiveness of mindfulness
By using words like 'studies suggest' and 'may reduce' and 'some patients' (Correct answer)
By including personal testimonials from patients

Correct answer: By using words like 'studies suggest' and 'may reduce' and 'some patients'

The author uses hedging language — 'studies suggest' (not confirms), 'may reduce' (not definitely reduces), 'some patients' (not all) — to qualify the claim and indicate uncertainty.

Question 106: Which term describes a substance made of two or more elements chemically combined?

Element
Solution
Mixture
Compound (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Compound

A compound consists of elements chemically bonded in fixed ratios.

Question 107: Chris had a prestige for being a ___ because he fearlessly skied down the precipitous trail.

Coward
Dreamer
Clown
Daredevil (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Daredevil

Chris "fearlessly skied down the precipitous trail," indicating he took a significant and dangerous risk without hesitation. A "daredevil" is a person who takes foolishly dangerous risks. This term accurately describes someone who performs such a bold and risky feat.

Question 108: The actors’ performances powerfully _____ the audience. Which of the following options correctly completes the sentence above?

were affecting
affected (Correct answer)
effected
were effecting

Correct answer: affected

This question tests the difference between 'affect' and 'effect.' 'Affect' is typically a verb meaning to influence or have an impact on something. In this sentence, the performances influenced the audience, so the verb 'affected' is the correct choice.

Question 109: If a passage is written in the first person ("I," "we"), what does this most likely indicate?

The text is an objective scientific report
The author is addressing the reader directly in second person
The author is sharing a personal perspective or experience (Correct answer)
The text is describing another person's actions

Correct answer: The author is sharing a personal perspective or experience

First-person point of view uses pronouns like "I" and "we," indicating the author is sharing their own thoughts, experiences, or perspective. This is common in memoirs, personal essays, and narrative nonfiction.

Question 110: Which of the following is a compound-complex sentence?

Although the patient was tired, she rested.
Although the patient was tired, she rested, and the nurse charted. (Correct answer)
The patient rested, and the nurse charted.
The patient rested.

Correct answer: Although the patient was tired, she rested, and the nurse charted.

Option D has two independent clauses ('she rested' and 'the nurse charted') plus one dependent clause ('Although the patient was tired') — making it compound-complex.

Question 111: Which sentence uses the correct punctuation?

She loves cooking; her family and her dog.
She loves cooking her family and her dog.
She loves cooking, her family, and her dog. (Correct answer)
She loves: cooking, her family and her dog.

Correct answer: She loves cooking, her family, and her dog.

The Oxford (serial) comma before "and" clarifies that three separate items are listed: cooking, her family, and her dog. Without it, the sentence humorously implies she cooks her family and dog.

Question 112: Which of the following shows correct comma usage with a non-restrictive clause?

The nurse who works nights is tired.
The nurse who, works nights, is tired.
The nurse, who works nights, is tired. (Correct answer)
The nurse who works nights, is tired.

Correct answer: The nurse, who works nights, is tired.

A non-restrictive (non-essential) clause is set off by commas. 'Who works nights' is non-restrictive here (additional info), so it's correctly enclosed in commas in option B.

Question 113: A nurse earns $34.50 per hour and receives time-and-a-half for overtime (over 40 hours). How much does she earn in a week where she works 46 hours?

$1,725.00
$1,690.50
$1,587.00 (Correct answer)
$1,449.00

Correct answer: $1,587.00

Regular pay: 40 × $34.50 = $1,380; overtime pay: 6 × $51.75 = $310.50; total = $1,587.00... wait: 6 × 51.75 = 310.50; 1380+310.50=1690.50.

Question 114: What kind of source is a diary?

Primary (Correct answer)
Compiled
Secondary
Tertiary

Correct answer: Primary

A diary is considered a primary source because it is a firsthand account written by someone who directly experienced or observed the events described. It offers an immediate, personal perspective from the time period it was created. Primary sources are original materials that have not been interpreted or analyzed by others.

Question 115: What is the name for the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction?

Heat of reaction
Enthalpy change
Free energy
Activation energy (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Activation energy

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for reactant molecules to overcome the energy barrier and successfully react to form products.

Question 116: You come across a vocabulary term with a superscript while reading a textbook. You want to find out more about it. Where should you start looking?

The textbook's glossary
The textbook's index
The textbook's footnote (Correct answer)
A reference dictionary

Correct answer: The textbook's footnote

A superscript in a textbook typically indicates a footnote, which provides additional information, clarification, or a source citation at the bottom of the page. Footnotes are specifically designed to elaborate on or reference content marked with a superscript in the main text. Therefore, to find out more about a term marked with a superscript, the footnote is the most direct and intended place to look.

Question 117: What is the purpose of a "thesis statement" in a persuasive essay?

To list all the evidence supporting the main claim
To provide background on the topic without taking a position
To present the opposing viewpoint before refuting it
To state the author's main position or argument clearly (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To state the author's main position or argument clearly

A thesis statement presents the author's central argument or claim in a clear, concise sentence. Every paragraph in the essay should support this statement. It is typically found at the end of the introduction.

Question 118: Which of the following correctly uses a semicolon?

He studied for hours; and still felt unprepared.
They reviewed the material; however forgot the key formulas.
The clinic opens at eight; the staff arrives at seven-thirty. (Correct answer)
She wanted to become a nurse; but she was nervous about the exam.

Correct answer: The clinic opens at eight; the staff arrives at seven-thirty.

A semicolon correctly joins two independent clauses without a conjunction. 'The clinic opens at eight' and 'the staff arrives at seven-thirty' are both complete independent clauses, making this usage correct.

Question 119: Which of the following best defines 'denotation'?

The implied meaning of a phrase
The emotional association a word carries
The dictionary definition of a word (Correct answer)
The tone of a written passage

Correct answer: The dictionary definition of a word

Denotation refers to the literal, dictionary definition of a word, as opposed to its connotation.

Question 120: When a healthcare writer uses jargon like "MI" or "PRN" without explanation, they are assuming their audience is:

General public readers with no medical training
Medical students who are just beginning their training
Healthcare professionals who recognize standard medical abbreviations (Correct answer)
Patients who have done extensive research online

Correct answer: Healthcare professionals who recognize standard medical abbreviations

Medical jargon and abbreviations like "MI" (myocardial infarction) and "PRN" (as needed) are only appropriate when writing for medical professionals. Writing for patients or general audiences requires plain language.

Question 121: Which sentence correctly uses a comma in a series?

We bought apples, oranges, and pears. (Correct answer)
We bought apples oranges and pears.
We bought, apples oranges pears.
We bought apples, oranges and pears.

Correct answer: We bought apples, oranges, and pears.

Commas separate each item, including before the final conjunction (Oxford comma).

Question 122: Which of the following sentences contains a redundancy that should be eliminated?

The nurse documented each symptom accurately and completely.
She returned back to the clinic for her scheduled follow-up appointment. (Correct answer)
He reviewed the chart carefully before beginning the physical examination.
The medication significantly reduced the patient's fever within six hours.

Correct answer: She returned back to the clinic for her scheduled follow-up appointment.

'Returned back' is redundant because 'return' already means to go back. The word 'back' repeats the meaning already contained in 'returned' and should be removed.

Question 123: Synovial fluid is found in:

The pleural cavity
The central canal of long bones
Lymph nodes
Freely movable (diarthrotic) joints (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Freely movable (diarthrotic) joints

Synovial fluid is secreted by the synovial membrane and found in freely movable (synovial/diarthrotic) joints, lubricating the joint and nourishing articular cartilage.

Question 124: What is the purpose of meiosis in human reproduction?

To repair damaged DNA in body cells
To allow cell growth and replacement throughout life
To produce identical copies of somatic (body) cells
To produce gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the normal chromosome number (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To produce gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the normal chromosome number

Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces four genetically unique gametes (sperm or egg cells), each with half the chromosome number (haploid, n=23) of the parent cell. When fertilization occurs, the full number (diploid, 2n=46) is restored.

Question 125: Which sentence uses 'affect' correctly?

Side affects are common.
The affect was positive.
The weather will affect our plans. (Correct answer)
The medicine had a good affect.

Correct answer: The weather will affect our plans.

'Affect' is a verb meaning to influence.

Question 126: Read the sentence: 'Her stoic expression betrayed no emotion even as she received the devastating diagnosis.' What does 'stoic' most nearly mean?

Tearful and visibly distressed
Calm and showing no outward emotion (Correct answer)
Angry and openly resentful toward others
Confused and uncertain about the situation

Correct answer: Calm and showing no outward emotion

The context clue 'betrayed no emotion' directly tells the reader that stoic describes someone who does not express their feelings outwardly, even under hardship.

Question 127: A store marks up a $40 item by 25%. What is the new price?

$45
$65
$50 (Correct answer)
$48

Correct answer: $50

25% of $40 is $10; $40 + $10 = $50.

Question 128: Which is more likely to happen after people move in and out of a community near an open body of water?

the population will decrease if the rate of immigration is greater than the rate of emigration.
the population will remain the same if the rate of immigration is equal to the birth rate.
the population will increase if the rate of immigration is greater than the rate of emigration. (Correct answer)
the population will increase if the rate of immigration is less than the rate of emigration.

Correct answer: the population will increase if the rate of immigration is greater than the rate of emigration.

Population dynamics are influenced by birth rates, death rates, immigration (people moving in), and emigration (people moving out). If the rate of immigration into a community is greater than the rate of emigration from it, more individuals are entering than leaving. This net influx of individuals will lead to an overall increase in the community's population.

Question 129: The writer would probably agree that Swift.

was not involved with the English government
uses satire to poke fun at human folly (Correct answer)
deliberately distorted historical facts for his own ends
believed that any attempt at human civilization should be abandoned

Correct answer: uses satire to poke fun at human folly

Jonathan Swift is one of the most celebrated satirists in English literature, and *Gulliver's Travels* is a prime example of his use of satire. The writer would undoubtedly agree that Swift "uses satire to poke fun at human folly," as this is a fundamental characteristic of his literary style and purpose. His works consistently employ wit and irony to expose and critique the absurdities and moral failings of humanity and society.

Question 130: If y = 2x + 1, what is y when x = 6?

7
12
13 (Correct answer)
11

Correct answer: 13

y = 2(6) + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13.

Question 131: There are 4 Tootsie Rolls, 3 Lollipops, 5 Hershey Kisses, and 6 Starbursts in a bag of sweets. What is the likelihood that the sweet you randomly choose will be a lollipop?

1/4
1/18
1/6 (Correct answer)
3/10

Correct answer: 1/6

First, calculate the total number of sweets in the bag: 4 (Tootsie Rolls) + 3 (Lollipops) + 5 (Hershey Kisses) + 6 (Starbursts) = 18 sweets. There are 3 lollipops. The probability of choosing a lollipop is the number of lollipops divided by the total number of sweets, which is 3/18. This fraction simplifies to 1/6. Therefore, the likelihood of choosing a lollipop is 1/6.

Question 132: What kind of source is a picture in a textbook regarded as?

Tertiary
Primary
Original
Secondary (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Secondary

A secondary source is an account or interpretation of primary sources. A picture in a textbook is typically a reproduction or representation of an original image or object, used to illustrate or support the textbook's narrative or analysis. The textbook itself is a secondary source, and the images within it serve a similar function, making them secondary in this context.

Question 133: A concerned citizen wants to make a noise complaint regarding a loud party taking place in a neighborhood park. To what city department should he or she voice his concern?

city planning
parks and recreation
police department (Correct answer)
ethics commission

Correct answer: police department

Noise complaints, especially those involving disturbances in public spaces like parks, fall under the jurisdiction of law enforcement. The police department is responsible for maintaining public order, enforcing noise ordinances, and responding to immediate disturbances to ensure community peace and safety.

Question 134: Which detail would most strengthen an author's argument that a city is becoming safer?

The city built a new park
Police records show crime dropped 30% over five years (Correct answer)
A resident says it feels safer
More tourists visited last summer

Correct answer: Police records show crime dropped 30% over five years

Documented crime statistics provide direct, measurable support for the claim of greater safety.

Question 135: The seafarers had charted the seas with detailed maps and planned for all possible mishaps; nevertheless, when the storm beat down on their cargo vessel with hail and vigorous wind, there was no protection.

hastily…violently
meticulously…naturally
rashly…boisterously
warily…vehemently (Correct answer)

Correct answer: warily…vehemently

The seafarers "planned for all possible mishaps," indicating they were cautious and careful, so "warily" fits the first blank. The word "nevertheless" introduces a contrast, implying that despite their caution, the storm was overwhelming. "Vehemently" means in a forceful, passionate, or intense manner, which vividly describes the powerful impact of a severe storm.

Question 136: A trait that is masked when a dominant allele is present is described as what?

Recessive (Correct answer)
Homozygous
Codominant
Polygenic

Correct answer: Recessive

A recessive trait is expressed only when no dominant allele is present.

Question 137: Kyra has a budget of $300 for her holiday spending. Kyra decides to buy shoes for her grandchildren. If each pair of shoes costs $40, and Kyra has n grandchildren, which of the following inequalities represents Kyra’s budget constraint?

40 + n > 300
40n ≤ 300 (Correct answer)
40 + n ≤ 300
40n > 300

Correct answer: 40n ≤ 300

Kyra's budget constraint involves the total cost of shoes for her grandchildren. If each pair of shoes costs $40 and she has 'n' grandchildren, the total cost will be 40 multiplied by 'n', or 40n. Since her budget is $300, the total amount spent (40n) must be less than or equal to $300. Therefore, the correct inequality is 40n ≤ 300.

Question 138: Which of the following is an example of "connotation" rather than "denotation"?

The word "home" evoking feelings of warmth and safety. (Correct answer)
H₂O is the chemical formula for water.
A rose is a flowering plant in the genus Rosa.
The term "nurse" referring to a healthcare professional.

Correct answer: The word "home" evoking feelings of warmth and safety.

Denotation is a word's literal, dictionary definition. Connotation refers to the emotional associations or implied meanings a word carries. "Home" literally means a dwelling (denotation) but connotes warmth and belonging (connotation).

Question 139: The equation y = -2x + 6 has which slope and y-intercept?

Slope = -2, y-intercept = 6 (Correct answer)
Slope = 6, y-intercept = -2
Slope = 2, y-intercept = 6
Slope = -2, y-intercept = -6

Correct answer: Slope = -2, y-intercept = 6

In slope-intercept form y = mx + b, the slope is m = -2 and the y-intercept is b = 6.

Question 140: The videos of bleeding kids and weeping parents ______ the American citizens to the point of contacting representatives and urging for an end to the revolting war abroad.

galvanized (Correct answer)
ravaged
convinced
guided

Correct answer: galvanized

The videos caused American citizens to take significant action: "contacting representatives and urging for an end to the revolting war." "Galvanized" means to shock or excite (someone) into taking action. This word perfectly describes the powerful and motivating effect the videos had on the citizens.

Question 141: Which sentence uses 'fewer' correctly?

She has fewer time now.
There are fewer water in the cup.
Use fewer salt in the recipe.
We have fewer patients today. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: We have fewer patients today.

'Fewer' is used with countable nouns like 'patients.'

Question 142: All of the questions_______ difficult.

am
were (Correct answer)
can
was

Correct answer: were

The subject of the sentence is "All of the questions," which is a plural noun phrase. To maintain subject-verb agreement, the verb must also be plural. "Were" is the correct plural past tense form of the verb "to be," matching the plural subject.

Question 143: Which molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

tRNA (Correct answer)
rRNA
snRNA
mRNA

Correct answer: tRNA

Transfer RNA (tRNA) has an anticodon that matches mRNA codons and carries the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome for incorporation into the growing protein.

Question 144: If the amount of hydrogen in a balloon of fixed size is doubled, what happens to the mass and density of the balloon?

The mass and density both decrease.
The mass increases, but the density decreases.
The mass decreases, but the density increases.
The mass and density both increase. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The mass and density both increase.

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter an object contains. If the amount of hydrogen (matter) in the balloon is doubled, its mass will also double. Density is defined as mass per unit volume (Density = Mass/Volume). Since the balloon's volume is fixed and its mass increases, its density must also increase proportionally.

Question 145: Which of the following best describes the function of the lymphatic system?

To regulate hormone production and release
To pump blood throughout the body
To return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and support immune defense (Correct answer)
To filter blood and remove waste products

Correct answer: To return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and support immune defense

The lymphatic system collects excess fluid from tissues (lymph), returns it to the bloodstream, and houses lymphocytes and other immune cells. Lymph nodes filter pathogens and debris from lymph fluid.

Question 146: Of the following, which one is NOT a prime number?

127
93 (Correct answer)
67
53

Correct answer: 93

A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. Let's check the options: 127, 53, and 67 are all prime numbers. However, 93 is divisible by 3 (93 ÷ 3 = 31), meaning it has factors other than 1 and itself (namely 3 and 31). Therefore, 93 is not a prime number.

Question 147: The main point of the writer's argument in the passage is ______.

Swift’s hatred for humanity
civilization’s weaknesses
Swift’s depiction of human nature (Correct answer)
the inspiration behind the character of Gulliver

Correct answer: Swift’s depiction of human nature

Jonathan Swift's *Gulliver's Travels* is renowned as a masterful work of satire that critically examines human nature and society. The passage likely delves into how Swift uses Gulliver's encounters with various fantastical societies to expose the flaws, follies, and moral failings inherent in humanity. Therefore, "Swift’s depiction of human nature" is the central theme of the writer's argument.

Question 148: An author presents only the advantages of a proposal and omits any drawbacks. This approach suggests the passage is:

A factual summary
A neutral report
Persuasive and one-sided (Correct answer)
A balanced analysis

Correct answer: Persuasive and one-sided

Presenting only advantages and ignoring drawbacks marks the passage as persuasive and one-sided.

Question 149: Why does the human eye see a red dress as red?

A red dress will primarily absorb red light wavelengths.
The molecules of the dress absorb green and blue light wavelengths.
The molecules of the dress do not absorb red light wavelengths. (Correct answer)
A red dress will not absorb light wavelengths from non-red colors.

Correct answer: The molecules of the dress do not absorb red light wavelengths.

The color an object appears to be is determined by the wavelengths of light it reflects. A red dress appears red because its molecules absorb most other wavelengths of visible light (like green and blue) but reflect the red wavelengths. These reflected red wavelengths are then detected by our eyes, allowing us to perceive the dress as red.

Question 150: A writer wants to combine two sentences to show a cause-and-effect relationship: 'The TEAS is a challenging exam. Many students study for months.' Which option BEST achieves this?

Many students study for months, the TEAS is a challenging exam.
Because the TEAS is a challenging exam, many students study for months. (Correct answer)
The TEAS is a challenging exam and many students study for months.
The TEAS is a challenging exam, many students study for months.

Correct answer: Because the TEAS is a challenging exam, many students study for months.

The subordinating conjunction 'because' explicitly establishes the cause-and-effect relationship: the exam's difficulty causes students to study extensively. Option A is a comma splice; option C uses 'and,' which shows addition rather than causation.

Question 151: What will happen if the aorta isn't working properly?

deoxygenated blood would not be transported to the lungs.
oxygenated blood would not be transported to the body’s cells. (Correct answer)
oxygenated blood would not be transported to the heart’s atria.
deoxygenated blood would not be transported to the heart.

Correct answer: oxygenated blood would not be transported to the body’s cells.

The aorta is the body's largest artery, responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body's cells and tissues. If the aorta is not functioning correctly, this vital distribution of oxygen-rich blood would be impaired, preventing cells from receiving the oxygen they need.

Question 152: Solve for x: 3x/5 = 9

x = 3
x = 9
x = 15 (Correct answer)
x = 27

Correct answer: x = 15

Multiply both sides by 5: 3x = 45. Divide by 3: x = 15.

Question 153: If a nurse earns a 12% raise on her $48,000 salary, what is her new salary?

$55,760
$53,260
$53,760 (Correct answer)
$54,260

Correct answer: $53,760

Raise = 12% × $48,000 = 0.12 × 48,000 = $5,760. New salary = $48,000 + $5,760 = $53,760.

Question 154: Which option corrects the dangling modifier in this sentence: "Running through the park, the trees were beautiful."

Running through the park, she admired the beautiful trees. (Correct answer)
The beautiful trees were admired, running through the park.
Running through the park, the beautiful trees were seen.
The trees were beautiful while running through the park.

Correct answer: Running through the park, she admired the beautiful trees.

A dangling modifier has no clear subject. The trees cannot run. The corrected version makes clear that "she" is the one running through the park and admiring the trees.

Question 155: Read this headline: 'New Drug Cures All Cases of Rare Disease in Small Study.' What critical question should a reader ask first?

What is the drug's brand name?
Why is the disease rare?
How small was the study, and can results from a small study be generalized? (Correct answer)
Who manufactured the drug?

Correct answer: How small was the study, and can results from a small study be generalized?

Small studies may not produce reliable, generalizable results due to limited sample size — asking about the sample size is the most critical first evaluation of a sensational health claim.

Question 156: Why, in a vacuum, doesn't an elephant fall to the ground faster than a penny?

An elephant is not a projectile, while a penny is.
The elephant is greater in mass but is slowed less by the effects of air resistance.
They both have an acceleration of 9.8 m/s2. (Correct answer)
Vector components of an elephant are more complex than those of a penny.

Correct answer: They both have an acceleration of 9.8 m/s2.

In a vacuum, all objects fall at the same rate regardless of their mass, due to the constant acceleration caused by gravity. This is because the force of gravity is proportional to mass, and acceleration is force divided by mass (F=ma). Without air resistance, the greater gravitational force on the elephant is exactly offset by its greater mass, resulting in the same acceleration (approximately 9.8 m/s²) as the penny.

Question 157: Which of the following structures is crucial for regulating the peripheral nervous system's autonomic functions?

pons
thalamus
medulla oblongata (Correct answer)
hypothalamus

Correct answer: medulla oblongata

The medulla oblongata is a critical part of the brainstem that plays a vital role in regulating many involuntary autonomic functions essential for life. These functions include controlling heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, and reflexes like vomiting and swallowing, all of which are part of the peripheral nervous system's autonomic control.

Question 158: An author writes, "Critics claim the law failed, yet crime fell every year it was in effect." The author's purpose is most likely to:

Counter the critics with evidence (Correct answer)
Agree with the critics
Question whether crime data exists
Describe the law neutrally

Correct answer: Counter the critics with evidence

Presenting declining crime against the critics' claim is meant to counter them with evidence.

Question 159: Which of the following phrases follows the rules of capitalization?

my sister Cheryl (Correct answer)
her Great-Aunt
Meredith’s Uncle
grandma Beth

Correct answer: my sister Cheryl

Common nouns like 'sister' are not capitalized unless they are used as part of a proper noun (e.g., 'Aunt Sally') or at the beginning of a sentence. 'Cheryl' is a proper noun and is correctly capitalized. In 'my sister Cheryl,' only 'Cheryl' should be capitalized.

Question 160: What is the function of the alveoli in the lungs?

Produce mucus to trap pathogens
Allow gas exchange between air and blood (Correct answer)
Filter dust particles from inhaled air
Regulate the rate of breathing

Correct answer: Allow gas exchange between air and blood

Alveoli are tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen from inhaled air crosses the thin alveolar walls into surrounding capillaries, while carbon dioxide moves from blood into the alveoli to be exhaled.

Question 161: What is the next term in the sequence: 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, __?

33
35
37 (Correct answer)
39

Correct answer: 37

The differences between terms are 3, 5, 7, 9 (odd numbers increasing by 2). The next difference is 11: 26 + 11 = 37.

Question 162: A recipe requires 3/4 cup of sugar. If you want to make 2.5 times the recipe, how much sugar do you need?

1¾ cups
1½ cups
1⅞ cups (Correct answer)
1 cup

Correct answer: 1⅞ cups

3/4 × 2.5 = 3/4 × 5/2 = 15/8 = 1⅞ cups.

Question 163: Which sentence uses a semicolon correctly?

She studied hard; she passed the exam. (Correct answer)
He likes coffee; and tea.
We left early; because of the storm.
I was tired; so I went to bed.

Correct answer: She studied hard; she passed the exam.

A semicolon joins two independent clauses without a coordinating conjunction.

Question 164: Which best represents Gandhi's portrayal by the author?

negative and objective
negative and prejudiced
positive and objective (Correct answer)
positive and prejudiced

Correct answer: positive and objective

A 'positive and objective' portrayal means the author presents Gandhi in a favorable light, highlighting his admirable qualities and achievements, but does so based on verifiable facts and historical events. This approach avoids unsupported claims or excessive emotional bias, ensuring the portrayal is both respectful and grounded in reality.

Question 165: During inhalation, what happens to the diaphragm and thoracic cavity?

The diaphragm relaxes and the thoracic cavity remains the same size
The diaphragm contracts and flattens while the thoracic cavity expands (Correct answer)
The diaphragm relaxes and the thoracic cavity decreases in volume
The diaphragm contracts and rises while the thoracic cavity decreases

Correct answer: The diaphragm contracts and flattens while the thoracic cavity expands

During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating negative pressure that draws air into the lungs.

Question 166: A line passes through points (2, 5) and (6, 13). What is the slope of the line?

1
1.5
2.5
2 (Correct answer)

Correct answer: 2

Slope = (13−5)/(6−2) = 8/4 = 2.

Question 167: How are stage fear and human behavior in general viewed in the passages?

Passage 1 sees stage fright as normal and healthy, while Passage 2 sees stage fright as an extreme reaction.
Passage 1 emphasizes that situations unique to the theater cause stage fright, whereas Passage 2 views stage fright as similar in one way to most other fears. (Correct answer)
Both passages view stage fright as a phenomenon that people experience in everyday life.
Passage 1 attributes stage fright to an individual's personal problems, whereas Passage 2 believes stage fright is caused by social problems.

Correct answer: Passage 1 emphasizes that situations unique to the theater cause stage fright, whereas Passage 2 views stage fright as similar in one way to most other fears.

This answer highlights a key contrast in the passages' perspectives on stage fright. Passage 1 likely focuses on specific theatrical elements that contribute to performance anxiety, suggesting unique causes. Passage 2, however, broadens the scope, suggesting that stage fright shares common psychological mechanisms with other everyday fears, making it a more universal human experience.

Question 168: Solve for x: 7x + 5 = 47.

7
5
6 (Correct answer)
8

Correct answer: 6

Subtract 5 to get 7x = 42, then divide by 7 to get x = 6.

Question 169: A student is doing research for a term paper on nursing. Where should a student look first when searching online for reliable, peer-reviewed information?

Online encyclopedia
Search query
Online database (Correct answer)
Search engine

Correct answer: Online database

Online databases, such as academic or library databases, are specifically curated to provide access to scholarly articles, journals, and research papers. These resources are typically peer-reviewed, meaning experts in the field have vetted the information for accuracy and credibility. This makes them the most reliable source for academic research, unlike general search engines or online encyclopedias which may contain unverified information.

Question 170: The Billy and Coleen Gates Foundation has a clear _____ mission to assist less fortunate people suffering from health and education problems.

lucrative
philanthropic (Correct answer)
miserly
financial

Correct answer: philanthropic

The mission to "assist less fortunate people suffering from health and education problems" is a clear act of charity and goodwill. "Philanthropic" describes an organization or person seeking to promote the welfare of others, especially by donating money to good causes. This word precisely defines the foundation's stated mission.

Test of Essential Academic Skills (TEAS)

The TEAS exam is a standardized test for students applying to health science programs, assessing academic preparedness in reading, math, science, and English.

170

Questions

209 min

Time Limit

60%

To Pass

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