Writing Practice Quiz Flashcards

The passage below will be used for the next 15 questions. Read the passage and answer question : DIRECTIONS: In the passage below, certain phrases are underlined and numbered . The question will present alternatives for the underlined part. In most cases. you are to choose the one that best expresses the idea, makes the statement appropriate for standard written English, or is worded most consistently with the style and tone of the passage as a whole. If you think the original version is the best, choose "NO CHANGE". The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: The human spine supports the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives

The original sentence contains a subject-verb agreement error and a lack of parallelism. The singular subject 'The human spine' requires a singular verb form, so 'support' should be 'supports.' Additionally, for proper parallelism in the list of actions ('supports the weight,' 'protects the body’s organs,' 'receives the gravitational pull'), all verbs must be in the same singular third-person form. Option B corrects 'support' to 'supports,' making all verbs agree with the singular subject and maintaining parallel structure.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: NO CHANGE

The original sentence correctly uses a colon to introduce a list of five regions of the spine. The items in the list ('cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal') are properly separated by commas, including the Oxford comma before 'and coccygeal,' which enhances clarity in a series of three or more items. Therefore, no revision is needed, and 'NO CHANGE' is the correct choice.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: are born

The phrase 'like us' is informal and unnecessary in this informative passage, which aims for a more formal and objective tone. Removing 'like us' (as in option B) makes the sentence more concise and appropriate for the passage's style without losing any essential meaning. The focus is on the fact that *some people* are born with defects, not on the author's personal relation to this fact.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: infants’

The phrase 'infant brain and spine development' implies that the development belongs to or is characteristic of infants. To correctly show possession or association for a plural noun, the apostrophe should be placed after the 's'. Therefore, 'infants'' (plural possessive) is the correct form, indicating the development *of* infants' brains and spines.

ead the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: especially

The original phrase 'in addition when' is grammatically awkward and doesn't convey the intended meaning. The sentence aims to emphasize that trauma creates problems, *particularly* when the damage is irreversible. Option B, 'especially,' correctly serves as an adverb to highlight the specific condition under which the problems are most severe, making the sentence clear and grammatically sound.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: happens

The passage describes general facts and conditions related to spine health and problems. The use of the past tense verb 'happened' is incorrect because paralysis is a general consequence that *occurs* or *happens* when the spine is injured, not a single event in the past. To maintain consistency with the present tense used for other general statements in the paragraph, the present tense verb 'happens' is the appropriate choice.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: NO CHANGE

The phrase 'which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure' is a non-restrictive clause, meaning it provides additional, non-essential information about the preceding part of the sentence (the nerves becoming more narrow). Non-restrictive clauses are correctly set off by a comma. The use of 'which' with a preceding comma is grammatically correct for this type of clause, so 'NO CHANGE' is the best option.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: spine’s

The word 'spines' in the original sentence is incorrectly used as a plural noun. The sentence refers to the 'ability' belonging to *the* spine (singular), indicating possession. Therefore, the correct form is the singular possessive 'spine’s,' which clearly shows that the ability belongs to the spine.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: the back’s

The pronoun 'its' in the original sentence is ambiguous because it could potentially refer to 'pillow,' 'knees,' or 'back.' To ensure clarity and specify that the natural curve belongs to the back, option B, 'the back’s,' is the most precise and unambiguous choice. This revision clearly indicates that the pillow supports the natural curve of the back.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: OMIT the underlined portion.

The sentence 'Plus, you will look fantastically confident' introduces an informal tone and a subjective observation that deviates from the objective and informative style of the rest of the passage, which focuses on health benefits. This statement does not contribute to the educational purpose of the text about spine health. Therefore, omitting the underlined portion improves the passage's overall coherence and maintains a consistent, appropriate tone.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: health; well-balanced

The original sentence contains a comma splice, incorrectly joining two independent clauses ('Diet and sunshine are also important for back health' and 'well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine') with only a comma. To correctly connect these two closely related independent clauses, a semicolon is required. Option B, 'health; well-balanced,' properly uses a semicolon to link the clauses, resolving the grammatical error.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: NO CHANGE

The original sentence correctly lists three items: 'Lean proteins,' 'fresh fruits and vegetables,' and 'plenty of water.' The phrase 'fresh fruits and vegetables' functions as a single item in this series. The use of a comma after 'Lean proteins' and an Oxford comma before 'and plenty of water' correctly punctuates this compound list, ensuring clarity. Therefore, 'NO CHANGE' is the appropriate choice.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: lettuce, the

The original text creates a sentence fragment by ending the sentence after 'lettuce,' leaving 'While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce' as a dependent clause. To correctly connect this dependent clause to the following independent clause ('The sunshine is a body’s best source'), a comma is needed instead of a period. Option B, 'lettuce, the,' correctly joins the two clauses, forming a grammatically complete and coherent sentence.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter.

Answer: daily

The word 'day' in the original phrase 'ten minutes of day sunlight' is used incorrectly as an adjective modifying 'sunlight.' To properly describe the frequency or nature of the sunlight, an adjective is needed. Option C, 'daily,' correctly functions as an adjective meaning 'occurring every day' or 'of each day,' making the phrase 'ten minutes of daily sunlight' grammatically correct and clear.

Read the passage and answer question : The Spine [1] Good spine health is important for every person. The human spine support the weight of the head, protects the body’s organs, and receives the gravitational pull that helps with posture. Comprised of 33 bones, each called vertebra, the spine is divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Vertebra are named according to the region where they are located along the spine and in numerical order. Discs serve as cushions between each vertebra. Nerves run along the spine, carrying signals between the spine and the rest of the body. [2] There are many reasons why people experience problems with their spine. Some people like us are born with defects such as spina bifida, which stunts infant brain and spine development. Trauma to the spine can also create problems, in addition when the damage is irreversible. Paralysis happened when the spine is injured beyond repair, and may result in loss of function in the arms or legs. Another reason for damage is the body’s natural deterioration. As a person ages, the spine wears out. The discs that separate each vertebra lose moisture, and nerves that run alongside the spine can become more narrow, which decreases the spines ability to absorb pressure, especially when walking, jogging, or jumping. [3] Prevention is the best way to maintain a healthy back. There are varieties of ways that people keep themselves pain free and functioning at optimum levels. Sleeping on your back with a pillow under the knees supports its natural curve during the night. When sitting at a desk, keeping ears, shoulders, and hips in line while resting the back firmly against the chair helps with posture. Standing straight with relaxed shoulders, hips, and knees will eliminate undue pressure on the spine. Walking with your head held high, chin tucked, and toes pointed forward will prevent slouching. Plus, you will look fantastically confident. [4] Diet and sunshine are also important for back health, well-balanced foods build lean muscles that support the spine. Lean proteins, fresh fruits and vegetables, and plenty of water to keep the body hydrated are best choices for a daily regimen. While Vitamin D is found in many foods such as salmon and green leaf lettuce. The sunshine is a body’s best source. At least ten minutes of day sunlight will strengthen bones and provide energy to the body’s systems, encouraging the body to stand straighter. This passage would most likely be part of

Answer: a pamphlet published by a chiropractor about good spine health.

The passage provides practical advice on maintaining good spine health, covering causes of problems, preventative measures, and dietary recommendations. Its informative yet accessible tone, combined with its focus on actionable steps for well-being, strongly suggests it is intended for a general audience seeking health guidance. This aligns perfectly with the purpose and format of a pamphlet published by a chiropractor, whose profession centers on spine health and preventative care.