Language Flashcards

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. “Firefighters and police officers risk their lives often by stepping into the way of danger physically; (therefore,) professionals such as doctors and lawyers have an equally significant impact on individuals’ lives medically and legally.”

Answer: nevertheless

The original sentence implies a contrast: firefighters/police risk their lives, *yet* doctors/lawyers also have a significant impact. 'Nevertheless' correctly signals this contrast or concession, indicating that despite the different nature of their contributions, the impact of doctors and lawyers is equally important. 'Therefore' and 'as a result' imply cause and effect, which is not the intended relationship.

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. (In many cultures they consider fish eggs a delicacy.)

Answer: In many cultures fish eggs are considered a delicacy.

The original sentence uses the vague pronoun 'they' without a clear antecedent, making it less formal and precise. Option B revises the sentence into the passive voice ('fish eggs are considered'), making 'fish eggs' the subject and clarifying that they are considered a delicacy by people in those cultures. This improves clarity and grammatical correctness.

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Sports are a significant part of life for people all across the world, as was demonstrated in 2006 when billions of people came together to be involved with the (World Cup either through playing, watching or thru advertising.)

Answer: World Cup either through playing, watching or advertising.

This option corrects two issues: 'World Cup' should be capitalized as it is a proper noun. Additionally, it maintains parallel structure by listing three activities ('playing,' 'watching,' 'advertising') without the informal 'thru' or the less concise 'for it.' This makes the sentence grammatically consistent and more formal.

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. The argument (between Paarin and me about the dent in his car continued until the early morning.)

Answer: between Paarin and me about the dent in his car continued

The preposition 'between' should always be followed by object pronouns. 'Me' is the correct object pronoun to use after a preposition, not 'I.' Therefore, 'between Paarin and me' is grammatically correct. Options B, C, and E incorrectly use the subject pronoun 'I' in an object position.

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. During the (summer many students go away to summer camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.)

Answer: summer many students go away to camps that teach them skills about camaraderie, perseverance and integrity.

The original sentence contains redundancy with 'summer camps' and 'summer.' The most concise and correct revision removes the redundant 'summer' before 'camps,' as the context already establishes it's during the summer. Additionally, 'summer' (the season) is a common noun and should not be capitalized unless it's part of a proper noun.

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. A consummate gentleman, (Stefan's etiquette and social grace was unmatched.)

Answer: Stefan possessed unmatched etiquette and social grace.

The original sentence contains a subject-verb agreement error because 'etiquette and social grace' is a compound subject, which requires the plural verb 'were,' not 'was.' Option D corrects this by rephrasing the sentence to make 'Stefan' the subject and using 'possessed' to describe his qualities. This construction is more concise and grammatically sound, avoiding the agreement issue.

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. In countries such as China the government is recognizing the advantages of (a capitalist market rather than communism and adjust) economic policy accordingly.

Answer: capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjusting

The original sentence lacks parallelism and uses an incorrect verb form. To maintain parallelism, 'a capitalist market' should be compared to 'a communist market,' ensuring both phrases have a similar structure. Additionally, the verb 'adjust' needs to be in the present participle form ('adjusting') to parallel 'recognizing,' as both actions are ongoing and describe what the government is doing.

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Most of my favorite movies contain (slapstick humor, however physical comedy is not) the only way to make me laugh.

Answer: slapstick humor, but physical comedy is not

The original sentence contains a comma splice because 'however' is a conjunctive adverb that cannot join two independent clauses with only a comma. To correct this, a semicolon should precede 'however,' or a coordinating conjunction like 'but' should be used. Option B correctly uses 'but' with a comma, creating a grammatically sound and smoothly flowing sentence.

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Learning a new language can be difficult for people (after one reaches a certain age; abilities needed to retain and apply new linguistic information deteriorate with time.

Answer: after they reach a certain age

The original sentence has a pronoun agreement error because the singular pronoun 'one' does not agree with the plural antecedent 'people.' To maintain consistency and grammatical correctness, the plural pronoun 'they' should be used to refer back to 'people.' Option B correctly uses 'they,' ensuring proper pronoun-antecedent agreement.

Determine whether the sentence in the open and close parenthesis is correct or whether it needs to be revised. A growing technology trend is to merge multiple devices with complimentary functions such as a phone, music player and (the scheduling features of a planner.)

Answer: a planner.

The original sentence violates the principle of parallelism in a list. The items 'a phone' and 'music player' are simple nouns representing devices. To maintain parallel structure, the third item should also be a simple noun representing a device, which is 'a planner.' Option E corrects this by making the list consistent in its grammatical form.

Which of the following is an opinion statement?

Answer: Camping is best done in the fall.

An opinion statement expresses a personal belief or judgment that cannot be proven true or false, unlike a factual statement. Option D, 'Camping is best done in the fall,' is an opinion because what constitutes the 'best' time for camping is subjective and varies from person to person. The other options are verifiable facts.

Read the entire sentence. Statements on the internet come from people about politics that are biased and are not supported by facts. What is the most suitable and understandable way to change the sentence?

Answer: had

The question likely intends to correct a verb tense within the sentence, and 'had' would be used to place the action in the past perfect tense. For example, if the original sentence implied a past action that occurred before another past action, 'had' would be the appropriate auxiliary verb. Without further context or a specific word to replace, this interpretation assumes a correction to a past-tense scenario.

You are required to produce a book report on 1984 that includes a one-paragraph summary of the text. Which of the following would be the most effective way to start that paragraph?

Answer: 1984 is a book about Winston, a man who lives in a dystopian future.

An effective opening for a summary paragraph should immediately introduce the book and its central premise or protagonist. Option D directly states the book's title, identifies the main character (Winston), and provides the essential setting (dystopian future). This sets a clear and concise foundation for the summary that follows.

In her essay, Litzy describes how to create a paper airplane. The sentences below are those she wrote. After reading her response, answer to the questions that follow. How to create a paper airplane is shown here. Pick out a ____ piece of paper first. You should choose paper that is both durable and lightweight. It will glide effectively but won't hit the ground right away. In the same way as you would if you were about to write on the paper, lay it out in front of you. Next, fold the top two corners of the paper together and downward to form a point at the top. After doing so, fold the paper in half vertically. Fold roughly an inch of the paper back against himself with your right hand when the paper opens to the right. With your right hand, flip the paper over and repeat the process. Litzy needs to draft a summary. Which of the following statements would be ineffective in bringing Litzy's paragraph to a close?

Answer: There are some more detailed steps you must take if you want to create a more intricate paper airplane.

An effective concluding sentence for a procedural paragraph should summarize the outcome or provide a final tip related to the instructions given. Option A is ineffective because it introduces new information about 'more intricate paper airplanes' and suggests further steps. This shifts the focus away from concluding the current simple airplane instructions.

To make a paper airplane, follow these steps. First, choose a _____ of paper. You should choose paper that is both durable and lightweight. It will glide effectively but won't hit the ground right away. In the same way as you would if you were about to write on the paper, lay it out in front of you. Next, fold the top two corners of the paper together and downward to form a point at the top. After doing so, fold the paper in half vertically. Fold roughly an inch of the paper back against himself with your right hand when the paper opens to the right. With your right hand, flip the paper over and repeat the process. Litzy is struggling to fill in the blank with the right word. Which word most closely matches the blank in her paragraph's second sentence?

Answer: piece

The blank requires a word that refers to a single, separate part of something, specifically a sheet of paper. 'Piece' (B) is the correct homophone for this context. 'Peace' refers to a state of tranquility, 'peas' are a type of vegetable, and 'peece' is not a standard English word.