Research Methods Flashcards
7 cards from real STP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Research Methods flashcards as text
Which qualitative research method involves the researcher becoming immersed in a community to observe behavior in its natural context?
Answer: Ethnography
Ethnography involves prolonged, immersive observation within a community or setting to understand cultural practices and behaviors in context.
Sensitivity of a diagnostic test refers to its ability to:
Answer: Correctly identify those who DO have the disease
Sensitivity is the proportion of true positives correctly identified by the test — its ability to detect those who have the disease.
In a systematic review, heterogeneity among included studies refers to:
Answer: Variation in results beyond what would be expected by chance
Heterogeneity describes variability in study results that exceeds chance, often assessed using the I² statistic, and affects whether results can be pooled.
Which research design is most suitable for studying a rare disease with a long latency period?
Answer: Case-control study
Case-control studies work backwards from outcomes to exposures, making them efficient for rare diseases since cases are identified first and the long latency is already expressed.
The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is used to assess:
Answer: Agreement between two or more raters measuring the same subjects
ICC measures the degree of agreement or consistency between two or more raters or repeated measurements of the same continuous variable.
Publication bias in a systematic review most often results in:
Answer: Overestimation of treatment effects because positive studies are more likely to be published
Publication bias inflates effect estimates in systematic reviews because studies with positive or significant results are disproportionately published.
A power calculation is conducted before a study primarily to:
Answer: Estimate the minimum sample size needed to detect a clinically meaningful effect
Power calculations determine the sample size required to have a specified probability (typically 80%) of detecting a true effect of a given size.