Load Forecasting & Energy Scheduling Flashcards
7 cards from real SOPD practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Load Forecasting & Energy Scheduling flashcards as text
Which forecasting approach uses historical load data from similar days to predict future load?
Answer: Analog day method
The analog day method identifies historical days with similar weather, calendar, and economic conditions and uses their actual load profiles to predict upcoming demand.
Pumped storage hydro scheduling is typically optimized by:
Answer: Pumping during off-peak low-cost periods and generating during peak high-value periods
Pumped storage is optimized by pumping when energy is cheap (off-peak) and generating when energy is expensive (peak), capturing the price spread as economic value.
A system operator's load forecast shows a duck curve pattern. This means:
Answer: Net load dips midday due to solar generation then ramps steeply in the evening
The duck curve describes net load (total load minus solar) that dips deeply midday as solar output peaks, then ramps steeply as solar drops and evening demand rises.
Which resource is MOST appropriate to address a rapid 15-minute load ramp identified in a short-term forecast?
Answer: Fast-ramping combustion turbines or demand response resources
Fast-ramping resources such as gas combustion turbines or demand response can respond within minutes, making them ideal for covering rapid load changes.
When calculating load responsibility for a capacity planning study, an operator includes:
Answer: Coincident peak load plus a planning reserve margin
Capacity planning uses coincident peak load plus a reserve margin (typically 15-20%) to ensure adequate resources are available under stressed conditions.
A long-term load forecast that accounts for increased electric vehicle adoption would MOST LIKELY show:
Answer: Increased off-peak demand and potential new late-evening demand peaks
Mass EV adoption typically increases off-peak overnight charging load and may create new demand peaks in the evening when drivers return home and plug in.
In a security-constrained economic dispatch (SCED), the 'security constraint' refers to:
Answer: Transmission line and equipment limits that cannot be violated even during economic optimization
Security constraints are transmission and equipment thermal and voltage limits that the economic dispatch solution must respect, ensuring the dispatch is both optimal and secure.