Emergency Procedures Flashcards
7 cards from real SOPD practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Emergency Procedures flashcards as text
What is the primary purpose of Under-Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) relay schemes?
Answer: To automatically shed load in steps to arrest frequency decline and prevent total system collapse
UFLS schemes automatically trip distribution feeders in pre-programmed steps to remove enough load so that remaining generation can stabilize system frequency.
During a cyber security incident affecting the energy management system (EMS), what is the operator's FIRST action?
Answer: Switch to manual operations using backup procedures while notifying the security team
Switching to manual operations ensures continued grid control while the cybersecurity incident is investigated, as shutting down SCADA could leave operators blind.
What does 'N-1 contingency' mean in the context of emergency planning?
Answer: The system must remain stable and within limits after the loss of any single element
The N-1 criterion requires that the bulk power system remain operable and within reliability limits following the sudden loss of any single element.
A neighboring balancing authority declares a 'Conservative Operations' alert. What does this require of your balancing area?
Answer: Take conservative actions to reduce risk of cascading failures, even if not yet experiencing an emergency
NERC's Conservative Operations requirement directs operators to proactively reduce operational risk during deteriorating conditions, before an actual emergency occurs.
If automatic generation control (AGC) fails during high-load conditions, what must operators do to maintain frequency control?
Answer: Manually adjust generator outputs to maintain area control error (ACE) within acceptable limits
When AGC fails, operators must manually monitor ACE and direct generation adjustments to maintain frequency and meet interconnection obligations.
Which of the following best describes a 'brownout' as distinguished from a 'blackout' in emergency power operations?
Answer: A brownout is an intentional or unintentional voltage reduction while supply is maintained; a blackout is a complete loss of power
A brownout involves reduced voltage across the system while power remains connected, whereas a blackout is a complete interruption of electrical supply.
What is the purpose of 'system restoration drills' required by NERC EOP standards?
Answer: To ensure operators are trained and practiced in executing restoration plans before an actual blackout occurs
NERC EOP-005 requires restoration drills to verify that operators can correctly and efficiently execute blackout restoration procedures when an actual event occurs.