US History Flashcards

"Slavery now stands upright, clanking its chains on Kansas territory, encircled by a code of death, and destroying all beloved liberty." The person who said this was probably a (n)

Answer: abolitionist

The quote uses highly emotional and condemnatory language to describe slavery, portraying it as an oppressive force that destroys liberty and is associated with death. This passionate and moralistic opposition to slavery, particularly its expansion into new territories like Kansas, is characteristic of an abolitionist, who advocated for the immediate and complete end of slavery.

The Congress's ability to override the president's veto of a law

Answer: override the veto with a two-thirds majority vote

The U.S. Constitution establishes a system of checks and balances, granting Congress the power to override a presidential veto. To do so, both the House of Representatives and the Senate must pass the bill again with a two-thirds majority vote in each chamber. This ensures that a bill can still become law even if the President disapproves, reflecting a significant legislative power.

The colonists rejected the Tea Act of 1773 despite the fact that it reduced the cost of East India tea because

Answer: the price of the tea included a tax the colonists did not want to pay

The colonists' primary objection to the Tea Act of 1773 was not the price of tea, but the principle of "taxation without representation." Even though the act made East India tea cheaper, it still included a tax imposed by the British Parliament without the colonists' consent. They viewed this as an infringement on their rights and a dangerous precedent, leading to widespread protests like the Boston Tea Party.

The social structure that developed in the colonies by 1750 was distinct from the social structure in Europe in that

Answer: allowed for greater social mobility than in Europe

Compared to the rigid, inherited class structures of Europe, colonial society offered greater opportunities for individuals to improve their social and economic standing. Factors such as abundant land, a high demand for labor, and fewer entrenched aristocratic traditions allowed for more upward mobility, particularly for white men, making it distinct from the more static European social hierarchies.

The idea put out by Henry Clay to have Missouri become a slave state and Maine become a free state was known as

Answer: the Missouri Compromise

Henry Clay's proposal in 1820, which admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, was specifically known as the Missouri Compromise. This legislative agreement aimed to maintain the balance of power between slave and free states in the U.S. Senate. It also established the 36°30′ parallel as a dividing line for future slave and free states in the Louisiana Purchase territory, temporarily resolving the escalating debate over slavery's expansion.

Theodore Roosevelt classified a muckraker as someone who "sets his attention... solely on that which is nasty and debasing" in a speech from 1906. His remarks gave rise to the new term "muckrakers," which describes

Answer: investigative journalists

Theodore Roosevelt's 1906 speech, while critical of those who focused solely on the negative, inadvertently popularized the term 'muckrakers.' This term came to describe a group of reform-minded American journalists who, in the early 20th century, exposed widespread corruption in government and business. Their detailed investigations and sensational reporting played a crucial role in raising public awareness and prompting social and political reforms.

After President Kennedy was killed, a commission was established to examine the facts and issue a report. The commission's president was

Answer: Chief Justice Earl Warren

Following the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in November 1963, President Lyndon B. Johnson established a special commission to investigate the event. This body, officially known as the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, was chaired by Chief Justice Earl Warren. The commission's findings, published in the Warren Report, concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in assassinating Kennedy.