Practice Test Geeks(REP) Certified Renewable Energy Professional Practice Test
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Bioenergy and Waste-to-Energy Flashcards

7 cards from real REP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Bioenergy and Waste-to-Energy flashcards as text

  1. Under the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), which biofuel pathway requires at least a 60% lifecycle greenhouse gas reduction compared to the petroleum baseline?

    Answer: Cellulosic biofuel

    Cellulosic biofuel under RFS requires a minimum 60% lifecycle GHG reduction, the highest threshold among RFS fuel categories.

  2. Which emission control technology is specifically designed to reduce dioxin and furan emissions from municipal solid waste incinerators?

    Answer: Activated carbon injection upstream of fabric filters

    Activated carbon injection adsorbs dioxins and furans before they are captured in fabric filter baghouses, achieving over 99% removal efficiency.

  3. What is the primary purpose of the tipping floor in a mass-burn waste-to-energy facility?

    Answer: Receiving, inspecting, and blending incoming waste before combustion

    The tipping floor is where waste trucks deposit loads, operators inspect for prohibited materials, and waste is blended to maintain consistent fuel quality.

  4. Which economic incentive mechanism allows biomass electricity generators in the U.S. to sell renewable energy certificates separate from the electricity itself?

    Answer: Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) creating REC markets

    State RPS programs create demand for renewable energy certificates (RECs), allowing biomass generators to monetize the renewable attribute separately from electricity sales.

  5. Torrefaction of biomass produces a product with improved properties primarily due to which chemical change?

    Answer: Partial decomposition of hemicellulose increasing energy density and hydrophobicity

    Torrefaction at 200–300°C decomposes hemicellulose, increasing energy density, reducing moisture uptake, and improving grindability for pellet and co-firing applications.

  6. In a landfill gas-to-energy (LFGE) project, what is the typical range of landfill gas methane concentration?

    Answer: 45–60%

    Mature landfill gas typically contains 45–60% methane, generated by anaerobic decomposition of organic waste within the landfill mass.

  7. What does 'bottom ash' refer to in a waste-to-energy combustion facility, and what is its typical management pathway in the US?

    Answer: Residue falling from the grate after combustion, often processed for metal recovery and beneficial reuse

    Bottom ash is the coarse residue from the grate (~20% of waste weight), typically processed to recover ferrous and non-ferrous metals before aggregate reuse.