Python Object-Oriented Programming Basics Questions and Answers

Question 1

In object-oriented programming, what is the fundamental relationship between a class and an object?

Accepted Answer

A class is a blueprint for creating objects.

Answer

A class is an instance of an object.

Answer

A class and an object are different terms for the same concept.

Answer

An object is a blueprint for creating classes.

Question 2

What is the primary role of the `__init__` method in a Python class?

Accepted Answer

To initialize the state of a new object when it is created.

Answer

To destroy an object when it is no longer needed.

Answer

To return a string representation of the object for debugging.

Answer

To define a static method that can be called on the class itself.

Question 3

A developer is designing a `BankAccount` class and wants to prevent the `_balance` attribute from being directly modified from outside the class. They provide `deposit()` and `withdraw()` methods to control changes to the balance. Which fundamental OOP principle is being applied here?

Accepted Answer

Encapsulation

Answer

Inheritance

Answer

Polymorphism

Answer

Abstraction

Question 4

Consider the following Python code. What will be the output when it is executed?

```python
class Animal:
    def speak(self):
        return "Some generic sound"

class Dog(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return "Woof!"

my_dog = Dog()
print(my_dog.speak())
```

Accepted Answer

Woof!

Answer

An `AttributeError`

Answer

Some generic sound

Answer

Nothing will be printed.

Question 5

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates the concept of polymorphism in Python?

Accepted Answer

A function `render_shape(shape)` that can correctly draw a `shape` object whether it is a `Circle` or a `Square`, because both classes have a `.draw()` method.

Answer

Creating a `Car` class with attributes like `make` and `model`.

Answer

Defining a parent class `Bird` and a child class `Sparrow` that inherits from `Bird`.

Answer

Using a private attribute `_engine_size` within a class to hide its implementation details.

Question 6

What is the main goal of abstraction in object-oriented programming?

Accepted Answer

To hide complex implementation details and expose only the essential features of an object.

Answer

To allow a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.

Answer

To bundle data and methods that work on the data within one unit.

Answer

To enable an object to be treated as an instance of its parent class.