PSA PSA Fluid and Electrolyte Prescribing

Question 1

A patient is admitted with hypovolemic shock following gastrointestinal bleeding. Which intravenous fluid is most appropriate for initial resuscitation?

Accepted Answer

0.9% Normal saline (isotonic saline)

Answer

5% Dextrose in water (D5W)

Answer

0.45% Half-normal saline

Answer

5% Dextrose in 0.45% saline

Question 2

Which of the following is the most appropriate fluid for replacing isolated free water deficit in a patient with hypernatremia?

Accepted Answer

5% Dextrose in water (D5W)

Answer

0.9% Normal saline

Answer

Lactated Ringer's solution

Answer

Hypertonic saline (3%)

Question 3

A post-operative patient develops oliguria. What is the first step in assessing fluid status before prescribing additional IV fluids?

Accepted Answer

Assess clinical signs of hypovolemia and review fluid balance

Answer

Immediately administer 1 L of normal saline

Answer

Start dopamine infusion for renal protection

Answer

Order furosemide to increase urine output

Question 4

What complication can result from rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia?

Accepted Answer

Osmotic demyelination syndrome

Answer

Cerebral edema

Answer

Acute kidney injury

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Question 5

Which IV fluid is most appropriate for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) after initial stabilization?

Accepted Answer

0.9% Normal saline followed by 0.45% saline with dextrose when glucose falls

Answer

5% Dextrose in water

Answer

Lactated Ringer's with potassium only

Answer

3% Hypertonic saline

Question 6

A patient is receiving large volumes of 0.9% normal saline for resuscitation. Which electrolyte abnormality is most likely to develop?

Accepted Answer

Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

Answer

Hyponatremia

Answer

Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis

Answer

Hypokalemia