PPAER Police Procedures and Legal Knowledge Flashcards

When a police officer makes a lawful arrest, which constitutional amendment protects the suspect from unreasonable searches and seizures?

Answer: Fourth Amendment

The Fourth Amendment protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures by law enforcement.

Which legal standard must an officer meet before making a warrantless arrest for a misdemeanor committed outside the officer's presence?

Answer: Probable cause

Probable cause is required for a warrantless arrest, meaning the officer has sufficient facts to believe a crime was committed.

A Miranda warning must be given when a suspect is in which situation?

Answer: In custody and subject to interrogation

Miranda warnings are required only when a suspect is both in custody and being subjected to interrogation.

Which doctrine allows evidence discovered as a result of an illegal search to be excluded from trial?

Answer: Exclusionary rule

The exclusionary rule prohibits the use of evidence obtained through unconstitutional means at trial.

Under the Terry stop doctrine, an officer may briefly detain a person based on which standard?

Answer: Reasonable articulable suspicion

A Terry stop requires reasonable articulable suspicion — specific facts that would lead a reasonable officer to suspect criminal activity.

Which law governs police use of force and requires it to be objectively reasonable under the circumstances?

Answer: Graham v. Connor (1989)

Graham v. Connor established the 'objective reasonableness' standard for evaluating police use of force under the Fourth Amendment.