PPAER - Public and Police Aptitude and Evaluation Report Logical and Deductive Reasoning Questions and Answers

Question 1

Read the following statements:
1. All police cars are equipped with sirens.
2. Any vehicle equipped with a siren is considered an emergency vehicle.
3. Some sedans are police cars.

Which of the following is a valid deduction from the statements above?

Accepted Answer

Some sedans are emergency vehicles.

Answer

All sedans are emergency vehicles.

Answer

No sedans are emergency vehicles.

Answer

All emergency vehicles are sedans.

Question 2

An officer is dispatched to a residential street where several car break-ins have been reported overnight. All the targeted cars were unlocked. The officer concludes that the thief was likely an opportunist checking for unlocked doors rather than a professional using tools to force entry. What type of reasoning did the officer use?

Accepted Answer

Inductive Reasoning

Answer

Analogical Reasoning

Answer

Abductive Reasoning

Answer

Deductive Reasoning

Question 3

A police department policy states: 'Any officer who discharges their firearm during a pursuit must file a use-of-force report within 24 hours.' Officer Miller was involved in a pursuit but did not discharge her firearm. Which of the following statements is the most logical conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Officer Miller may or may not need to file a use-of-force report for other reasons.

Answer

Officer Miller must file a use-of-force report within 24 hours.

Answer

Officer Miller is not required to file any report regarding the pursuit.

Answer

Officer Miller must file a use-of-force report, but not within 24 hours.

Question 4

At a crime scene, an investigator finds muddy footprints leading away from a broken window. The soil in the footprints matches the soil from a nearby construction site. The investigator concludes that the suspect may have come from or fled to the construction site. This conclusion is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A logical inference

Answer

An assumption

Answer

A proven fact

Answer

A syllogism

Question 5

Which of the following represents a flaw in logical reasoning known as a 'hasty generalization'?

Accepted Answer

An officer pulls over one driver for speeding on a specific road and concludes that everyone who uses that road is a speeder.

Answer

An officer interviews three witnesses who all describe the suspect as tall, so the officer concludes the suspect is likely tall.

Answer

An officer reviews a suspect's long criminal history of theft and concludes they may be involved in a recent theft.

Answer

An officer determines a suspect is lying because their story contradicts physical evidence found at the scene.

Question 6

Read the following premises:
Premise 1: All members of the SWAT team must pass a rigorous physical fitness test.
Premise 2: Officer Jones is a member of the SWAT team.

What is the logically necessary conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Officer Jones has passed the rigorous physical fitness test.

Answer

All officers who pass the fitness test are on the SWAT team.

Answer

Some officers on the SWAT team are not physically fit.

Answer

Officer Jones is the most physically fit member of the SWAT team.

Read the following statements:1.All police cars are equipped with sirens.2.Any vehicle equipped with a siren is considered an emergency vehicle.3.Some sedans are police cars.Which of the following is a valid deduction from the statements above?

Read the following statements:
1.
All police cars are equipped with sirens.
2.
Any vehicle equipped with a siren is considered an emergency vehicle.
3.
Some sedans are police cars.
Which of the following is a valid deduction from the statements above?