Quality Planning & Control Charts Flashcards
7 cards from real PMI practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Quality Planning & Control Charts flashcards as text
On a control chart, a 'run' of 7 consecutive points on one side of the mean indicates what?
Answer: A special cause requiring investigation
Seven consecutive points on one side of the mean (Nelson Rule 2) signals a non-random pattern indicating a special cause of variation.
Which quality planning tool translates customer needs into specific technical requirements using a matrix diagram?
Answer: Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Quality Function Deployment (QFD) uses the 'House of Quality' matrix to systematically translate voice-of-customer needs into technical design requirements.
A p-chart is used to monitor which type of quality characteristic?
Answer: The proportion of defective units in a sample
A p-chart (proportion chart) tracks the fraction or proportion of nonconforming (defective) items in successive samples of varying or fixed size.
In the context of quality planning, what is the primary purpose of a process flowchart?
Answer: To visualize process steps and identify potential quality failure points
Process flowcharts map the sequence of process steps, enabling teams to identify where defects might occur and target quality control efforts accordingly.
What does the Lower Control Limit (LCL) on a control chart represent?
Answer: Three standard deviations below the process mean
The LCL is calculated as the process mean minus three standard deviations (3σ), below which a point signals a statistically unusual event.
Which of the following best describes 'common cause' variation in a process?
Answer: Natural, inherent variation present in every stable process
Common cause variation is the natural, random noise inherent in a stable process and can only be reduced by fundamentally changing the process itself.
A project manager notices six consecutive points trending steadily upward on an X-bar control chart. What should they conclude?
Answer: A special cause is likely present and should be investigated
Six or more consecutive points trending in one direction is a non-random pattern (a run rule violation) indicating a special cause even if no point crosses a control limit.