Physician Assistant Endocrine System Disorders

Question 1

A 50-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, and dry skin. TSH is 9.2 mIU/L and free T4 is low. What is the first-line treatment?

Accepted Answer

Levothyroxine

Answer

Methimazole

Answer

Propylthiouracil

Answer

Radioactive iodine ablation

Question 2

Which of the following is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Answer

Iodine deficiency

Answer

Surgical thyroidectomy

Answer

Subacute thyroiditis

Question 3

A 28-year-old woman presents with palpitations, heat intolerance, weight loss, and exophthalmos. TSH is undetectable and free T4 is elevated. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Graves' disease

Answer

Toxic multinodular goiter

Answer

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Answer

Subacute thyroiditis

Question 4

A 55-year-old man with Type 2 DM presents with a foot ulcer and no sensation on 10-gram monofilament testing. Which diabetic complication does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Answer

Peripheral arterial disease

Answer

Diabetic nephropathy

Answer

Charcot arthropathy

Question 5

A patient with Type 1 DM presents with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, Kussmaul respirations, and fruity breath odor. Blood glucose is 380 mg/dL. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

Answer

Lactic acidosis

Answer

Alcoholic ketoacidosis

Question 6

Which of the following is the most important initial intervention in the management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)?

Accepted Answer

IV fluid resuscitation with normal saline

Answer

IV insulin bolus

Answer

Sodium bicarbonate infusion

Answer

Oral potassium replacement

Question 7

A patient with Type 2 DM on metformin develops lactic acidosis after a hospitalization for cardiac catheterization with contrast. Which medication is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Sitagliptin

Answer

Pioglitazone