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Therapeutics Flashcards

7 cards from real Pharmacy practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is already on an ACE inhibitor and beta-blocker. Which additional agent has been shown to reduce mortality?

    Answer: Spironolactone

    Aldosterone antagonists like spironolactone reduce mortality in HFrEF by blocking adverse cardiac remodeling caused by aldosterone.

  2. Which drug interaction is most likely to cause serotonin syndrome?

    Answer: Linezolid + sertraline

    Linezolid has MAO-inhibitory properties; combining it with an SSRI like sertraline significantly elevates synaptic serotonin and risks serotonin syndrome.

  3. Which antibiotic class is associated with QT prolongation and is contraindicated in patients with congenital long QT syndrome?

    Answer: Fluoroquinolones

    Fluoroquinolones (e.g., moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin) block cardiac hERG potassium channels, prolonging the QT interval and increasing risk of torsades de pointes.

  4. A 65-year-old patient is prescribed a statin for primary prevention. Which statin and dose is recommended by ACC/AHA guidelines for moderate-intensity therapy?

    Answer: Atorvastatin 10 mg

    Atorvastatin 10 mg and simvastatin 20–40 mg are moderate-intensity statins per ACC/AHA guidelines, targeting approximately 30–49% LDL reduction.

  5. A patient with Helicobacter pylori-positive peptic ulcer disease is prescribed triple therapy. Which combination is standard first-line treatment?

    Answer: Omeprazole + clarithromycin + amoxicillin

    Standard clarithromycin-based triple therapy consists of a PPI plus clarithromycin and amoxicillin for 10–14 days to eradicate H. pylori.

  6. Which antipsychotic is most associated with metabolic syndrome, including weight gain and dyslipidemia?

    Answer: Olanzapine

    Olanzapine has the highest risk of metabolic side effects among antipsychotics, including significant weight gain, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia.

  7. In a patient with acute MI undergoing PCI, dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) typically consists of aspirin plus which agent?

    Answer: Clopidogrel or ticagrelor

    Guideline-recommended DAPT after PCI for ACS includes aspirin plus a P2Y12 inhibitor such as clopidogrel, ticagrelor, or prasugrel for at least 12 months.