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Therapeutics Flashcards

7 cards from real Pharmacy practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Therapeutics flashcards as text

  1. A patient with COPD and chronic stable angina needs a beta-blocker. Which agent is most appropriate?

    Answer: Metoprolol succinate

    Metoprolol succinate is a cardioselective beta-1 blocker that minimizes bronchoconstriction risk compared to non-selective agents in patients with COPD.

  2. Clindamycin is used to treat infections caused by which of the following organisms?

    Answer: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

    Clindamycin has activity against MRSA in skin and soft tissue infections and also provides anaerobic coverage.

  3. Which disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) requires baseline and periodic ophthalmology exams due to risk of retinal toxicity?

    Answer: Hydroxychloroquine

    Hydroxychloroquine can deposit in the retina causing irreversible macular toxicity, so annual ophthalmologic exams are mandatory.

  4. A patient presents with opioid overdose. Which reversal agent is administered, and what is its mechanism?

    Answer: Naloxone — opioid receptor antagonist

    Naloxone competitively antagonizes mu, kappa, and delta opioid receptors, rapidly reversing respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose.

  5. A patient with major depressive disorder fails two adequate SSRI trials. What is the most appropriate next step according to treatment guidelines?

    Answer: Switch to an SNRI or add augmentation with atypical antipsychotic

    After failure of two SSRIs, switching to an SNRI or augmenting with bupropion, atypical antipsychotics, or lithium is guideline-recommended before escalating to ECT.

  6. Which aminoglycoside dosing strategy is preferred to maximize efficacy and minimize nephrotoxicity?

    Answer: Extended-interval (once-daily) dosing

    Extended-interval (once-daily) aminoglycoside dosing exploits concentration-dependent killing and allows a drug-free interval that reduces renal and cochlear toxicity.

  7. A patient using long-term oral corticosteroids is at risk for which metabolic complication requiring prophylactic treatment?

    Answer: Osteoporosis requiring calcium and vitamin D supplementation

    Chronic corticosteroid use suppresses bone formation and calcium absorption, necessitating calcium, vitamin D, and often bisphosphonate prophylaxis.