Pharmacology Endocrine System Pharmacology

Question 1

Which type of insulin has the SHORTEST onset of action?

Accepted Answer

Lispro

Answer

Glargine

Answer

NPH

Answer

Regular

Question 2

Metformin's PRIMARY mechanism to reduce blood glucose is:

Accepted Answer

Decreasing hepatic glucose production

Answer

Stimulating pancreatic beta cells

Answer

Inhibiting intestinal glucose absorption

Answer

Blocking glucagon receptors

Question 3

Levothyroxine is the drug of choice for treating:

Accepted Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Hyperthyroidism

Answer

Graves' disease

Answer

Thyroid storm

Question 4

Propylthiouracil (PTU) is preferred over methimazole during:

Accepted Answer

First trimester of pregnancy

Answer

Long-term thyroid suppression

Answer

Treatment of elderly patients

Answer

Pediatric thyroid disease

Question 5

GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., liraglutide) lower blood glucose primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Stimulating glucose-dependent insulin secretion

Answer

Inhibiting SGLT-2 transporters in the kidney

Answer

Blocking alpha-glucosidase in the gut

Answer

Inhibiting DPP-4 enzyme

Question 6

Among the following corticosteroids, which has the HIGHEST anti-inflammatory potency?

Accepted Answer

Dexamethasone

Answer

Hydrocortisone

Answer

Prednisone

Answer

Methylprednisolone

Question 7

SGLT-2 inhibitors (e.g., empagliflozin) lower blood glucose by:

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption

Answer

Increasing pancreatic insulin secretion

Answer

Reducing hepatic glucose output

Answer

Blocking intestinal glucose transporters