Pharm.D. Doctor of Pharmacy Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Question 1

Which drug class is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus in most patients without contraindications?

Accepted Answer

Metformin (biguanide)

Answer

Sulfonylureas

Answer

Insulin glargine

Answer

DPP-4 inhibitors

Question 2

A patient with hypertension also has heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Which antihypertensive class provides the greatest mortality benefit?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors or ARBs

Answer

Calcium channel blockers

Answer

Thiazide diuretics

Answer

Alpha-1 blockers

Question 3

Which beta-blocker is considered cardioselective due to its preferential beta-1 receptor blockade?

Accepted Answer

Metoprolol succinate

Answer

Propranolol

Answer

Carvedilol

Answer

Labetalol

Question 4

Which anticoagulant is first-line for the initial and long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in most patients?

Accepted Answer

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) such as rivaroxaban or apixaban

Answer

Unfractionated heparin only

Answer

Warfarin bridged with heparin

Answer

Aspirin

Question 5

Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) used for acute bronchospasm. Its primary mechanism is:

Accepted Answer

Stimulating beta-2 receptors to relax bronchial smooth muscle

Answer

Blocking muscarinic receptors in airways

Answer

Inhibiting leukotriene synthesis

Answer

Reducing airway inflammation via glucocorticoid receptor

Question 6

Which drug is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose in the US?

Accepted Answer

N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

Answer

Naloxone

Answer

Flumazenil

Answer

Atropine