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Ultimate PANRE Flashcards

7 cards from real PANRE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Ultimate PANRE flashcards as text

  1. A 5-year-old boy presents with fever, drooling, and severe odynophagia. He is sitting in a 'tripod' position and appears toxic. X-ray shows a 'thumbprint sign.' What is the most concerning diagnosis?

    Answer: Epiglottitis

    The thumbprint sign on lateral neck X-ray with drooling, stridor, and tripod positioning is classic for acute epiglottitis, a life-threatening airway emergency.

  2. A 55-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis on long-term methotrexate should receive which supplementation to reduce toxicity?

    Answer: Folic acid

    Folic acid supplementation reduces methotrexate-related side effects (mucositis, hepatotoxicity, cytopenias) without significantly reducing its anti-inflammatory efficacy.

  3. A 38-year-old male presents with rectal bleeding, weight loss, and change in bowel habits. Colonoscopy reveals a mass in the sigmoid colon. Which tumor marker is most useful for monitoring treatment response?

    Answer: CEA

    Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is the primary tumor marker used to monitor treatment response and surveillance for recurrence in colorectal cancer.

  4. A 72-year-old woman on alendronate for osteoporosis presents with mid-thigh pain after minimal trauma. X-ray shows a transverse fracture with cortical beaking of the lateral cortex. What complication occurred?

    Answer: Atypical femoral fracture from bisphosphonate use

    Long-term bisphosphonate use is associated with atypical femoral fractures, characterized by transverse fracture pattern and cortical beaking on the lateral cortex.

  5. A 60-year-old male smoker presents with hemoptysis and a central cavitary lung mass on CT. Biopsy shows large cells with abundant cytoplasm and no glandular or squamous features. What is the most likely cell type?

    Answer: Large cell carcinoma

    Large cell carcinoma is an undifferentiated NSCLC that lacks features of adenocarcinoma, squamous cell, or small cell carcinoma on histology and is often centrally located.

  6. A 30-year-old male presents with bilateral ankle swelling, eye redness, and dysuria following an episode of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. What is the classic triad of his condition?

    Answer: Arthritis, conjunctivitis, urethritis

    Reactive arthritis (formerly Reiter syndrome) classically presents with the triad of arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis following a triggering infection.

  7. A 45-year-old woman presents with sudden-onset severe headache described as 'the worst headache of my life.' CT head is negative. What is the next best step?

    Answer: Lumbar puncture

    A negative CT head does not rule out subarachnoid hemorrhage; lumbar puncture should be performed to detect xanthochromia or RBCs in CSF.