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Cardiology Flashcards

7 cards from real PANRE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Cardiology flashcards as text

  1. A 58-year-old man with hypertension presents with exertional chest pain relieved by rest. EKG at rest is normal. Which is the most appropriate next step?

    Answer: Order exercise stress test

    An exercise stress test is the standard initial evaluation for stable angina with a normal resting EKG.

  2. Which finding on echocardiogram is most consistent with cardiac tamponade?

    Answer: Right ventricular diastolic collapse

    Right ventricular diastolic collapse on echo is a classic sign of cardiac tamponade due to elevated pericardial pressure.

  3. A patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation has an INR of 8.5 with no active bleeding. What is the most appropriate management?

    Answer: Hold warfarin and administer oral vitamin K 2.5 mg

    For INR >8 without bleeding, holding warfarin and giving low-dose oral vitamin K is the recommended approach.

  4. A 70-year-old woman develops hypotension, bradycardia, and cool extremities after an inferior MI. Which territory is most likely involved?

    Answer: Right coronary artery

    The right coronary artery supplies the inferior wall and the AV node, making RCA occlusion the likely cause of inferior MI with bradycardia.

  5. Which medication is CONTRAINDICATED in a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) who presents with symptoms?

    Answer: Nitroglycerin

    Nitroglycerin reduces preload, worsening LVOT obstruction in HOCM and is contraindicated.

  6. A 65-year-old man has an EKG showing delta waves, short PR interval, and wide QRS. He develops rapid atrial fibrillation. Which drug should be AVOIDED?

    Answer: Digoxin

    In WPW with AF, digoxin can enhance conduction through the accessory pathway, potentially causing ventricular fibrillation.

  7. Which class of antihypertensive is preferred as first-line therapy in a Black patient without diabetes or heart failure?

    Answer: Thiazide diuretics or calcium channel blockers

    JNC and ACC/AHA guidelines recommend thiazide diuretics or calcium channel blockers as first-line therapy in Black patients due to superior efficacy.