Practice Test GeeksPANRE Test Practice Test
← All PANRE Flashcard Decks

Ultimate PANRE Flashcards

7 cards from real PANRE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Ultimate PANRE flashcards as text

  1. A 62-year-old male with a history of chronic liver disease presents with confusion, asterixis, and elevated ammonia. Which medication is first-line to reduce ammonia production in the gut?

    Answer: Lactulose

    Lactulose is first-line for hepatic encephalopathy; it acidifies the colon, trapping ammonia as ammonium (NH4+) and promoting its excretion.

  2. A 55-year-old woman is diagnosed with stage IIIa non-small cell lung cancer. She has no druggable mutations. What is the standard of care?

    Answer: Concurrent chemoradiation followed by durvalumab

    Stage III NSCLC without resectable disease is treated with concurrent chemoradiation followed by consolidation durvalumab (anti-PD-L1) per the PACIFIC trial.

  3. A 4-year-old presents with a purpuric rash on the buttocks and lower extremities, colicky abdominal pain, arthritis, and hematuria. Labs show normal platelet count. What is the diagnosis?

    Answer: IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura)

    IgA vasculitis (HSP) is characterized by palpable purpura on buttocks/lower extremities, arthritis, abdominal pain, and renal involvement with normal platelet count.

  4. A 48-year-old male with a history of alcoholism presents with confusion, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. What is the immediate treatment?

    Answer: Thiamine followed by glucose

    Thiamine must be administered before glucose in alcoholic patients to prevent precipitating or worsening Wernicke encephalopathy; then glucose is given.

  5. A 35-year-old woman presents with severe, unilateral periorbital pain occurring nightly for 3 weeks, lasting 45 minutes, with ipsilateral lacrimation and rhinorrhea. What is the diagnosis?

    Answer: Cluster headache

    Cluster headaches are characterized by severe unilateral periorbital pain with ipsilateral autonomic features (lacrimation, rhinorrhea) occurring in clusters, often nocturnally.

  6. Which medication used for type 2 diabetes has the most evidence for reducing cardiovascular mortality in patients with established cardiovascular disease?

    Answer: Empagliflozin

    SGLT-2 inhibitors like empagliflozin have demonstrated significant reduction in cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial.

  7. A 68-year-old man with a 40 pack-year history presents with a 2.5 cm solitary pulmonary nodule. PET scan shows no FDG uptake. What is the most appropriate next step?

    Answer: CT surveillance at 3-month intervals

    A solid pulmonary nodule ≥6 mm in a high-risk patient with no PET activity warrants serial CT surveillance per Fleischner Society guidelines rather than immediate biopsy.