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PANRE Flashcards

7 cards from real PANRE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A 68-year-old man on aspirin and clopidogrel after a coronary stent presents with melena. Vitals are stable. Which is the most important next step?

    Answer: Administer IV proton pump inhibitor and consult cardiology before stopping antiplatelets

    In patients with recent stents, abruptly stopping antiplatelets risks stent thrombosis; IV PPI and cardiology consultation are needed before altering antiplatelet therapy.

  2. A newborn develops jaundice within the first 24 hours of life. Mother is blood type O negative, baby is A positive. Which condition is most likely?

    Answer: ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn

    Jaundice appearing within 24 hours is pathologic; ABO incompatibility with O-negative mother and A-positive infant causes hemolytic disease of the newborn.

  3. A 60-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer presents with hypercalcemia, constipation, polyuria, and confusion. Calcium is 13.5 mg/dL. What is the first treatment?

    Answer: IV normal saline hydration

    IV normal saline is the first-line treatment for hypercalcemia to restore volume depletion and promote renal calcium excretion.

  4. A 35-year-old man presents with bilateral knee pain, oral ulcers, and conjunctivitis after a recent episode of urethritis. Which is the most likely diagnosis?

    Answer: Reactive arthritis

    Reactive arthritis (formerly Reiter syndrome) is characterized by the classic triad of arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis following a genitourinary or GI infection.

  5. A 52-year-old smoker presents with hemoptysis, weight loss, and a right hilar mass on chest X-ray. Biopsy shows small, dark cells with scant cytoplasm. Which treatment is most appropriate?

    Answer: Chemotherapy and radiation

    Small cell lung cancer is exquisitely sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation, making chemoradiation the primary treatment even in limited-stage disease.

  6. A 45-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on hydroxychloroquine develops blurry vision. Which complication is most concerning?

    Answer: Retinal toxicity

    Hydroxychloroquine can cause irreversible retinal toxicity (bull's eye maculopathy), requiring annual ophthalmologic screening.

  7. Which vaccine is contraindicated in a 30-year-old pregnant woman?

    Answer: MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)

    MMR is a live attenuated vaccine and is absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy due to theoretical risk of fetal infection.