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Dermatology Flashcards

7 cards from real PANRE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A 20-year-old male athlete presents with a cluster of painful vesicles on an erythematous base on his upper thigh after wrestling. Culture grows HSV-1. What is this condition called?

    Answer: Herpes gladiatorum

    Herpes gladiatorum is HSV-1 infection acquired through skin-to-skin contact during contact sports like wrestling, commonly affecting the face, neck, and extremities.

  2. A 48-year-old woman with fair skin presents with multiple open and closed comedones on the nose and cheeks, intermittent facial flushing, and telangiectasias. She denies acne history. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    Answer: Rosacea

    Rosacea is characterized by central facial erythema, flushing, telangiectasias, and papulopustules in adults; true comedones can appear in phymatous rosacea.

  3. A 5-year-old child develops multiple 2–5 mm umbilicated, flesh-colored papules on the trunk and extremities without surrounding inflammation. The child is otherwise healthy. What is the treatment of choice?

    Answer: Watchful waiting (self-limited)

    Molluscum contagiosum in immunocompetent children is self-limited, typically resolving in 6–18 months, and watchful waiting is the preferred management to avoid painful procedures.

  4. A 62-year-old man presents with grouped, crusted vesicles in the L3 dermatomal distribution 2 weeks after resolution of his acute zoster rash. He reports burning pain 8/10 in the same area. What is this complication called?

    Answer: Post-herpetic neuralgia

    Post-herpetic neuralgia is defined as pain persisting more than 90 days after the onset of herpes zoster and is the most common complication, especially in elderly patients.

  5. A 35-year-old man presents with a new 7 mm pigmented lesion with asymmetry, irregular borders, two colors (brown and black), and recent size change. The ABCDE criteria suggest malignancy. What is the next best step?

    Answer: Excisional biopsy with 1–3 mm margins

    Excisional biopsy with narrow margins (1–3 mm) is preferred for suspected melanoma to provide accurate Breslow thickness measurement for staging and prognosis.

  6. A 45-year-old woman develops painful, red nodules on her shins bilaterally that are warm and tender on palpation. She recently had a streptococcal pharyngitis. The lesions do not ulcerate. What is the diagnosis?

    Answer: Erythema nodosum

    Erythema nodosum presents as painful, non-ulcerating nodules on the shins representing a hypersensitivity panniculitis commonly triggered by streptococcal infection, sarcoidosis, or medications.

  7. A 3-year-old with atopic dermatitis and egg allergy develops widespread vesicular lesions over pre-existing eczematous skin. Tzanck smear shows multinucleated giant cells. What is the most serious complication to monitor for?

    Answer: Kaposi varicelliform eruption causing herpetic encephalitis

    Eczema herpeticum (Kaposi varicelliform eruption) can disseminate to the CNS causing herpetic encephalitis, which is a life-threatening complication requiring prompt IV acyclovir.