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Dermatology Flashcards

7 cards from real PANRE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A 55-year-old male presents with a pearly, translucent papule with rolled borders and telangiectasias on his nose. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    Answer: Basal cell carcinoma

    Basal cell carcinoma classically presents as a pearly papule with rolled borders and surface telangiectasias, most commonly on sun-exposed areas.

  2. Which topical agent is first-line for treating impetigo in a child with a small, localized area of honey-crusted lesions?

    Answer: Topical mupirocin

    Topical mupirocin is first-line for localized impetigo caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.

  3. A 30-year-old woman develops a butterfly-shaped rash across her cheeks and nasal bridge that spares the nasolabial folds. Which test is most specific for confirming systemic lupus erythematosus?

    Answer: Anti-dsDNA

    Anti-dsDNA antibodies are highly specific for SLE (>95%) and correlate with disease activity, particularly lupus nephritis.

  4. A patient presents with sudden-onset urticaria and angioedema 20 minutes after eating shellfish. Blood pressure is 80/50 mmHg and heart rate is 120 bpm. What is the immediate treatment?

    Answer: Epinephrine 1:1000 IM 0.3mg

    Epinephrine 1:1000 IM (0.3–0.5 mg in the anterolateral thigh) is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis due to its rapid vasopressor and bronchodilator effects.

  5. A 70-year-old man presents with a scaly, erythematous plaque on his lower lip that has been present for 8 months. Biopsy reveals full-thickness dysplasia. What is this condition?

    Answer: Actinic cheilitis

    Actinic cheilitis is a premalignant condition caused by chronic UV exposure, presenting as scaly, atrophic changes on the lower lip with risk of SCC transformation.

  6. Which finding best distinguishes dermatophyte tinea capitis from alopecia areata in a child?

    Answer: Positive KOH preparation

    A positive KOH preparation demonstrating hyphae or spores confirms a dermatophyte infection, definitively distinguishing tinea capitis from alopecia areata.

  7. A 25-year-old presents with grouped vesicles on an erythematous base in a dermatomal distribution on the right thorax with pain preceding the rash by 3 days. Which antiviral should be initiated?

    Answer: Valacyclovir 1000mg TID x 7 days

    Valacyclovir 1000mg TID for 7 days is preferred for herpes zoster due to better bioavailability and simplified dosing compared to acyclovir.