OAT Genetics and Evolution 3

Question 1

Which of the following describes allopatric speciation?

Accepted Answer

A population divides into two species due to physical geographic barriers

Answer

Two populations diverge while occupying the same geographic area

Answer

Speciation driven entirely by sexual selection

Answer

Hybridization between two closely related species

Question 2

A deletion of one nucleotide in the middle of a coding sequence would most likely cause which type of mutation?

Accepted Answer

Frameshift mutation altering all downstream codons

Answer

Missense mutation only

Answer

Silent mutation with no amino acid change

Answer

Nonsense mutation creating only one stop codon

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a condition required to maintain Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Small population size

Answer

No mutation

Answer

Random mating

Answer

No natural selection

Question 4

In a dihybrid cross between two AaBb parents, what is the expected ratio of offspring showing both dominant phenotypes (A_B_)?

Accepted Answer

9/16

Answer

1/16

Answer

3/16

Answer

12/16

Question 5

Mitochondrial DNA is primarily inherited from:

Accepted Answer

The mother only

Answer

Both parents equally

Answer

The father only

Answer

Random assortment of both parents' mitochondria

Question 6

Which of the following best describes convergent evolution?

Accepted Answer

Unrelated species independently evolving similar traits due to similar environmental pressures

Answer

Two populations of the same species diverging due to geographic isolation

Answer

Two species evolving in response to each other over time

Answer

A single ancestral species giving rise to many diverse descendant species

Question 7

A diploid organism has 2n = 8 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be present in each daughter cell following meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

2

Answer

8

Answer

16