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Early Childhood Education Child Development Theories Flashcards

7 cards from real OAE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Maria Montessori's educational theory emphasizes:

    Answer: Child-directed learning in a carefully prepared environment

    Montessori believed children learn best through self-directed exploration in environments specifically designed to invite independent discovery.

  2. In attachment theory, John Bowlby argued that early attachment bonds primarily serve to:

    Answer: Provide a secure base for exploration and emotional regulation

    Bowlby viewed attachment as an evolutionary mechanism that ensures proximity to caregivers, providing safety and a base from which to explore.

  3. A child who cries when a caregiver leaves but is easily soothed upon return is exhibiting which attachment style identified by Ainsworth?

    Answer: Secure attachment

    Secure attachment is characterized by distress at separation and quick comfort upon reunion, reflecting trust in the caregiver's availability.

  4. Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences challenges the traditional view by proposing that:

    Answer: Intelligence is multidimensional and includes abilities like music and movement

    Gardner identified at least eight distinct intelligences, arguing that traditional IQ tests measure only a narrow subset of human cognitive abilities.

  5. Piaget's formal operational stage begins at approximately what age?

    Answer: 11-12 years

    The formal operational stage begins around age 11-12 and is marked by the ability to think abstractly, reason hypothetically, and use logic.

  6. Which theorist's work forms the foundation of behaviorism, proposing that all behavior is shaped by environmental stimuli?

    Answer: John B. Watson

    John B. Watson founded behaviorism and argued that observable behavior, not mental states, should be the focus of psychology.

  7. The term 'sensitive period' in early childhood development refers to:

    Answer: Windows of time when the brain is especially receptive to certain types of learning

    Sensitive periods are biologically optimal windows during which specific skills or knowledge are acquired most easily and effectively.