Nursing Acceleration Challenge Exam I PN-RN Physiological Adaptation Questions and Answers

Question 1

A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents to the emergency department with increased shortness of breath.
An arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis reveals the following: pH 7.28, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3 26 mEq/L.
How should the nurse interpret these findings?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory Acidosis, Uncompensated

Answer

Metabolic Acidosis, Uncompensated

Answer

Respiratory Alkalosis, Compensated

Answer

Metabolic Alkalosis, Partially Compensated

Question 2

A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide for heart failure. The client reports significant muscle weakness, and the cardiac monitor shows flattened T waves and prominent U waves. The nurse should suspect which electrolyte imbalance?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Hypercalcemia

Answer

Hyponatremia

Answer

Hypomagnesemia

Question 3

A client is brought to the emergency department following a significant traumatic injury with suspected internal bleeding. Which of the following findings is considered an early compensatory sign of hypovolemic shock?

Accepted Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Hypotension

Answer

Decreased respiratory rate

Question 4

A client with type 1 diabetes is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse notes that the client is breathing very deeply and rapidly. The nurse recognizes this respiratory pattern, Kussmaul respirations, as the body's attempt to compensate for which acid-base imbalance?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic Acidosis

Answer

Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer

Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer

Respiratory Acidosis

Question 5

When assessing a surgical incision two days after an operation, which of the following findings indicates a normal physiological response during the inflammatory phase of wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Localized warmth, redness, and swelling

Answer

Copious thick, yellow drainage

Answer

Coolness of the skin surrounding the incision

Answer

A foul odor emanating from the wound

Question 6

A nurse is reviewing the lab results for a client with end-stage renal disease. The serum potassium level is 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following is the priority nursing assessment?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring cardiac rate and rhythm

Answer

Assessing for peripheral edema

Answer

Monitoring bowel sounds

Answer

Evaluating skin turgor and mucous membranes

A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents to the emergency department with increased shortness of breath.An arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis reveals the following: pH 7.28, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3 26 mEq/L.How should the nurse interpret these findings?

A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents to the emergency department with increased shortness of breath.
An arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis reveals the following: pH 7.28, PaCO2 55 mmHg, HCO3 26 mEq/L.
How should the nurse interpret these findings?