Logical and Deductive Reasoning Flashcards

A rule states: 'Employees who work overtime must receive compensatory time or overtime pay.' Tom worked overtime but received neither. What can be concluded?

Answer: The rule was not followed in Tom's case

The rule requires compensatory time or overtime pay for overtime work, so not receiving either means the rule was not followed.

If A is taller than B, and B is taller than C, which of the following must be true?

Answer: A is taller than C

Transitivity of the 'taller than' relationship means A > B > C, so A must be taller than C.

A filing system uses codes where letters represent departments and numbers represent years. Code 'B-2023' means the Building Department in 2023. What does code 'F-2021' most likely mean?

Answer: Finance Department in 2021

Following the same pattern, 'F' represents a department starting with F and '2021' represents the year 2021.

All reports submitted after 5 PM are marked 'late.' Sandra submitted her report at 4:55 PM. Which is correct?

Answer: Sandra's report is not marked late

4:55 PM is before 5 PM, so Sandra's report does not meet the 'after 5 PM' criterion for being marked late.

A schedule shows: Department meetings alternate between Monday and Wednesday each week, starting with Monday. What day is the 5th meeting?

Answer: Monday

The pattern is Mon, Wed, Mon, Wed, Mon — the 5th meeting falls on Monday.

No employee can be promoted without a satisfactory performance review. Carlos received an outstanding review. What can be concluded?

Answer: Carlos has met one requirement for promotion

The rule sets a satisfactory review as a necessary condition, which Carlos meets, but other conditions may also be required.

Four candidates — W, X, Y, Z — are ranked for a position. W ranks higher than X. Y ranks lower than Z. Z ranks lower than W. Who ranks highest?

Answer: W

W > X and W > Z > Y, so W ranks highest overall.