NCWO Skin and Wound Healing 3

Question 1

Biofilm in a chronic wound is best characterized as:

Accepted Answer

A structured polymicrobial community encased in a protective extracellular matrix

Answer

A single-species bacterial community in planktonic form

Answer

A superficial contamination treatable with standard antibiotics

Answer

A viral infection causing chronic inflammation

Question 2

Primary intention wound healing occurs when:

Accepted Answer

Wound edges are approximated (closed) with sutures, staples, or adhesive strips

Answer

Wound edges are left open and heal by granulation and contraction

Answer

A skin graft is applied to close a large wound

Answer

Healing is delayed 3–5 days before wound closure

Question 3

The role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in chronic wound healing is:

Accepted Answer

Elevated MMPs in chronic wounds degrade growth factors and extracellular matrix, stalling healing

Answer

MMPs promote healing by stimulating collagen production exclusively

Answer

MMPs are absent from chronic wound fluid

Answer

MMPs function only during the hemostasis phase

Question 4

A patient develops a painful nodular wound at the site of an old surgical incision. Histology shows dermal deposits of calcium. This condition is:

Accepted Answer

Calciphylaxis

Answer

Pyoderma gangrenosum

Answer

Marjolin's ulcer

Answer

Necrobiosis lipoidica

Question 5

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is important to recognize because treatment with which common wound therapy worsens the condition through pathergy?

Accepted Answer

Sharp surgical debridement

Answer

Moist wound healing dressings

Answer

Topical corticosteroids

Answer

NPWT foam dressings

Question 6

Which nutritional parameter is considered the most reliable indicator of chronic protein-calorie malnutrition relevant to wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Serum prealbumin (half-life 2–3 days)

Answer

Serum albumin (half-life 20 days)

Answer

Body mass index (BMI)

Answer

Total lymphocyte count