NCLEX-PN Test #10 1

Question 1

A client with type 1 diabetes is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Arterial blood gas results show pH 7.22, PaCO2 28 mmHg, HCO3 10 mEq/L. How should the nurse interpret these results?

Accepted Answer

Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation

Answer

Respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation

Answer

Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation

Answer

Respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation

Question 2

A nurse is caring for a client who had a thyroidectomy yesterday. The client reports circumoral tingling and muscle cramping in the hands. Which laboratory value should the nurse check first?

Accepted Answer

Serum calcium

Answer

Serum potassium

Answer

Blood glucose

Answer

Serum sodium

Question 3

A client with Addison's disease is admitted with nausea, vomiting, and profound weakness. Blood pressure is 82/50 mmHg. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate first?

Accepted Answer

Administer IV hydrocortisone as ordered

Answer

Insert a nasogastric tube for electrolyte replacement

Answer

Provide a high-potassium diet and oral fluid replacement

Answer

Administer vasopressin for blood pressure support

Question 4

A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism about levothyroxine therapy. Which instruction is most important?

Accepted Answer

'Take the medication on an empty stomach 30–60 minutes before breakfast.'

Answer

'Take the medication with a high-fiber meal to improve absorption.'

Answer

'You can stop taking the medication once your symptoms improve.'

Answer

'Double the dose if you miss a day to maintain therapeutic levels.'

Question 5

A client with SIADH has a serum sodium of 118 mEq/L and is becoming increasingly lethargic and confused. Which intervention does the nurse anticipate the provider will order?

Accepted Answer

Administer 3% NaCl (hypertonic saline) at a slow, controlled rate

Answer

Administer 0.45% NaCl (hypotonic saline) IV rapidly

Answer

Encourage the client to increase oral fluid intake

Answer

Prepare the client for immediate hemodialysis

Question 6

A nurse is assessing a client with hyperthyroidism. Which clinical findings are consistent with this diagnosis? (Select the best answer)

Accepted Answer

Tachycardia, heat intolerance, and exophthalmos

Answer

Bradycardia, constipation, and weight gain

Answer

Bradycardia, cold intolerance, and dry skin

Answer

Tachycardia, weight gain, and periorbital edema