NCCPT Nutrition and Energy Systems 2

Question 1

Which energy system predominates during a 400-meter sprint?

Accepted Answer

Glycolytic system

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

ATP-PC system

Answer

Beta-oxidation

Question 2

What is the primary role of insulin in nutrient metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating cellular glucose uptake

Answer

Stimulating glucagon release

Answer

Breaking down glycogen stores

Answer

Increasing fat mobilization

Question 3

During prolonged endurance exercise, what substrate shift occurs after glycogen depletion?

Accepted Answer

Increased fat oxidation via beta-oxidation

Answer

Increased reliance on creatine phosphate

Answer

Greater use of dietary protein for energy

Answer

Shift to anaerobic glycolysis exclusively

Question 4

Which vitamin is essential for the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 5

What is the glycemic index (GI) of a food?

Accepted Answer

A ranking of how quickly a food raises blood glucose relative to pure glucose

Answer

The total grams of carbohydrate per serving

Answer

The ratio of simple to complex carbohydrates in a food

Answer

The insulin response elicited per gram of carbohydrate

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of coenzyme A (CoA)?

Accepted Answer

It carries acetyl groups into the Krebs cycle

Answer

It donates electrons to the electron transport chain

Answer

It phosphorylates ADP to form ATP

Answer

It transports fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane

Question 7

A personal trainer's client wants to maximize muscle protein synthesis after resistance training. What post-workout nutrition strategy is most supported by research?

Accepted Answer

20–40 g of high-quality protein within 1–2 hours post-exercise

Answer

High-fat meal within 3 hours post-exercise

Answer

Fast for 2 hours to enhance growth hormone secretion

Answer

Consume only branched-chain amino acids, avoiding whole protein sources