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General Practice Flashcards

7 cards from real NBDE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 General Practice flashcards as text

  1. A patient on warfarin requires a routine extraction. The INR is 2.8. What is the most appropriate management?

    Answer: Use local hemostatic measures and proceed

    For INR values up to 3.5, dental extractions can proceed safely with local hemostatic measures such as suturing, oxidized cellulose, and pressure packs.

  2. Which organism is most commonly associated with Ludwig's angina?

    Answer: Streptococcus viridans

    Streptococcus viridans is the most frequently isolated organism in Ludwig's angina, a life-threatening bilateral submandibular and sublingual space infection.

  3. A 45-year-old patient presents with trismus, fever, and swelling in the pterygomandibular space. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    Answer: Pterygomandibular space abscess

    Trismus combined with pterygomandibular space swelling and systemic signs indicates a pterygomandibular space abscess, typically arising from a lower molar.

  4. Which local anesthetic has the longest duration of action for pulpal anesthesia?

    Answer: Bupivacaine 0.5%

    Bupivacaine 0.5% provides the longest pulpal anesthesia duration (up to 90 minutes) due to its high lipid solubility and protein binding.

  5. A patient taking bisphosphonates for osteoporosis requires an extraction. Which complication is of greatest concern?

    Answer: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ)

    Bisphosphonates impair osteoclast activity and bone remodeling, leading to MRONJ, characterized by exposed necrotic bone that fails to heal after 8 weeks.

  6. During inferior alveolar nerve block, the needle is inadvertently inserted into the parotid gland and anesthetic is deposited. What complication would most likely result?

    Answer: Transient facial nerve paralysis

    Injection into the parotid gland anesthetizes branches of the facial nerve traversing the gland, causing transient facial paralysis that resolves as the anesthetic wears off.

  7. Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of epinephrine in local anesthetic solutions?

    Answer: Causes vasoconstriction, reducing systemic absorption and prolonging anesthesia

    Epinephrine causes local vasoconstriction, which slows systemic absorption of the anesthetic, prolongs duration of action, and reduces bleeding in the field.