Software Testing Fundamentals Flashcards

What is Test-Driven Development (TDD)?

Answer: Writing tests before writing the production code they are meant to verify

In TDD, a failing test is written first, then the minimum code needed to pass that test is written, then the code is refactored.

What is static testing?

Answer: Reviewing software artifacts such as code or documents without executing the program

Static testing examines code, design documents, or requirements through reviews and inspections without running the software.

What does code coverage measure?

Answer: The percentage of source code that is executed during the test suite run

Code coverage is a metric that shows what percentage of lines, branches, or statements in the source code are exercised by automated tests.

Which process tracks a software defect through states such as New, Assigned, Fixed, and Closed?

Answer: Defect life cycle management

The defect life cycle (or bug life cycle) tracks every defect from initial discovery through assignment, fixing, retesting, and final closure.

What is exploratory testing?

Answer: Simultaneous learning, test design, and test execution without predefined scripts

Exploratory testing is an informal approach where testers actively explore the application, designing and executing tests simultaneously based on what they find.

What is system testing?

Answer: Testing the complete, integrated software system against its specified requirements

System testing evaluates the fully integrated software product as a whole to verify it meets all specified functional and non-functional requirements.

Which testing type deliberately pushes a system beyond its normal operational limits to evaluate behavior under extreme conditions?

Answer: Stress testing

Stress testing subjects the system to conditions beyond normal capacity to identify its breaking point and observe how it fails.