MNT Nail Anatomy and Pathology

Question 1

What is the name of the crescent-shaped white area at the base of the nail plate?

Accepted Answer

Lunula

Answer

Hyponychium

Answer

Eponychium

Answer

Nail matrix

Question 2

Which structure produces the nail plate?

Accepted Answer

Nail matrix

Answer

Nail bed

Answer

Hyponychium

Answer

Lateral nail fold

Question 3

Onychogryphosis is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Extreme nail thickening and curved, claw-like deformity

Answer

Nail pitting and oil-drop discoloration

Answer

Horizontal ridging of the nail plate

Answer

Separation of the nail from the nail bed

Question 4

Beau's lines are best described as:

Accepted Answer

Transverse grooves across the nail plate indicating a prior systemic illness or trauma

Answer

Longitudinal melanonychia

Answer

White spots from minor trauma to the nail matrix

Answer

Subungual hemorrhage streaks

Question 5

The hyponychium is located:

Accepted Answer

At the distal end where the nail plate separates from the nail bed

Answer

Proximal to the nail matrix

Answer

Along the lateral nail folds

Answer

Beneath the lunula

Question 6

Koilonychia refers to nails that are:

Accepted Answer

Spoon-shaped with raised edges (concave), associated with iron deficiency anemia

Answer

Thickened and yellow

Answer

Pitted and crumbled

Answer

Separated from the nail bed