Geography Flashcards

What is the term for the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas in search of better employment and services?

Answer: Rural-urban migration

Rural-urban migration describes the internal movement of people from the countryside to towns and cities, driven by economic and social pull factors.

Which of the following is a PUSH factor that drives people to leave their home area?

Answer: Drought and crop failure

Push factors are negative conditions in a person's current location — such as drought, unemployment, or conflict — that force them to move away.

South Africa's most populous metropolitan area, which forms the economic heartland of the country, is located in which province?

Answer: Gauteng

Gauteng, containing Johannesburg and Ekurhuleni, is South Africa's most densely populated province and its economic centre.

What is the term for the rapid, unplanned expansion of informal settlements on the outskirts of cities?

Answer: Urban sprawl

Urban sprawl refers to the uncontrolled spread of urban development, including informal settlements, beyond established city boundaries into surrounding areas.

Which sector of the economy involves the extraction of raw natural resources such as mining, farming, and fishing?

Answer: Primary sector

The primary sector encompasses all activities that extract or harvest natural resources directly from the earth or sea.

What is the term for the number of people per unit area, usually expressed as people per square kilometre?

Answer: Population density

Population density is calculated by dividing the total population by the total land area, indicating how crowded a region is.

Which type of economic activity involves providing services to consumers rather than producing goods?

Answer: Tertiary sector

The tertiary sector covers service industries such as retail, banking, education, healthcare, and tourism that serve consumers directly.