Measure Phase and Statistics Flashcards
7 cards from real Lean Six Sigma Green Belt Certification practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Measure Phase and Statistics flashcards as text
In hypothesis testing, what does a p-value of 0.03 indicate when the significance level (α) is 0.05?
Answer: Reject the null hypothesis
When p-value (0.03) < α (0.05), we reject the null hypothesis, concluding there is a statistically significant effect.
What is the primary purpose of a Process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (PFMEA) in the Measure phase?
Answer: To identify and prioritize potential failure modes before they occur
PFMEA proactively identifies potential failure modes, their effects, and causes to prioritize risk reduction efforts.
Which statistic is most resistant to the influence of outliers when describing the center of a dataset?
Answer: Median
The median is resistant to outliers because it is based on rank order, not the actual values of extreme data points.
A Pareto chart is used in the Measure phase primarily to:
Answer: Identify the vital few causes contributing to most defects
Pareto charts apply the 80/20 rule to visually identify the few categories that account for the majority of problems.
What is the Z-score for a data point that is 2 standard deviations below the mean?
Answer: -2
Z = (X - μ) / σ; a value 2 standard deviations below the mean yields Z = -2.
Which type of data collection error occurs when inspectors change their rating criteria over time?
Answer: Criteria drift
Criteria drift happens when the standards or interpretation used for measurement gradually shift during a study.
When using a check sheet during the Measure phase, what is its primary function?
Answer: To systematically collect and tally defect occurrence data
Check sheets provide a structured form for real-time, consistent recording and tallying of event occurrences at the source.