JCAHPO Ocular Anatomy & Physiology 2

Question 1

Which photoreceptors are primarily responsible for color vision and function best under photopic (bright light) conditions?

Accepted Answer

Cones

Answer

Rods

Answer

Horizontal cells

Answer

Amacrine cells

Question 2

The crystalline lens receives its nutrition primarily from which source?

Accepted Answer

Aqueous humor and vitreous humor

Answer

Central retinal artery

Answer

Choroidal blood supply

Answer

Ciliary arteries

Question 3

Which layer of the eye is known as the 'uveal tract' and consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid?

Accepted Answer

Middle vascular tunic

Answer

Outer fibrous tunic

Answer

Inner neural tunic

Answer

Anterior segment

Question 4

At the optic chiasm, fibers from which portion of the retina cross to the contralateral optic tract?

Accepted Answer

Nasal retinal fibers

Answer

Temporal retinal fibers

Answer

Superior retinal fibers

Answer

Macular fibers only

Question 5

What is the approximate normal range for adult intraocular pressure (IOP)?

Accepted Answer

10–21 mmHg

Answer

0–5 mmHg

Answer

6–10 mmHg

Answer

22–30 mmHg

Question 6

The sphincter pupillae muscle, which constricts the pupil, is innervated by which division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic (cholinergic)

Answer

Sympathetic (adrenergic)

Answer

Somatic motor

Answer

Sensory trigeminal

Question 7

The ora serrata marks the boundary between which two structures of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral retina and pars plana of the ciliary body

Answer

Cornea and sclera

Answer

Retina and choroid

Answer

Vitreous and aqueous